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Text 1Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologies—computers, telecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our Society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such innovations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly, altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think.The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their Strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge.But ironically, at the most knowledge-based entities—the colleges and universities—the pace of transformation has been relatively modest. Although research has been transformed by informa tion technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-education functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based paradigm. However, some major technology aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant change throughout academia.American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began during the 18th century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; academia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional.Higher education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university’s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providing students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information.The information society has greatly expanded the need for university-level education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation’s ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce. Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies().
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W: Would you please describe the nature of your farmM: Sure, I mainly grow feed crops. Feed crops are crops that are used to feed cattle, The crops that I grow are corn and wheat. I do grow cotton and other when the prices for them axe better.W: How many employees do you have7M: I have three full-time employees and six to seven part-time employees.W: Do you pay them hourly or are they salariedM:I pay them by the hour because sometimes they only work a few hours and other times they work many hours. Therefore, it wouldn’t be fair for them to get a weekly or monthly salary year round.W: How many hours do you work as the ownerM: In the winter I work eight hours a day, but in the spring, summer, and fall I work twelve to fourteen hours a day. Many times a farmer’s work depends on the weather. For example, if the crop need water and it hasn’t rained, I must irrigate my fields which can take many hours. At other times, I spend my time in checking my fields for pests. If I find them, I have to apply pesticides. If my machinery breaks down, I have to fix it. Of course, I must also make sure my crops get picked when they are ready.W: If you were to start a new business this year, what changes would you makeM: I wouldn’t make many changes, and the few changes I would make would be subtle. Right now I am a successful farmer. What crops does the farmer grow().
As of 2001, the estimated total market value of organic products was estimated to be $20 billion. By 2002 this was $23 billion and by 2007 more than $ 46 billion according to Organic Monitor. In recent years both Europe and North America have experienced strong growth in organic farm land. However, this growth has occurred under different conditions. While the European Union has shifted agricultural subsidies to organic farmers due to environmental benefits, the United States has taken a free market ap proach. As a result, as of 2008, 4.1 percent of the European Union’s farm land was organically managed compared to just 0.6 percent of United States farmland. The growth of organic farmland area in the EU was 21% from 2005 to 2008 reaching a total of 7.8 million hectares. Statistics and Emergnig Trends 2009 lists the countries which had the most hectares in 2007. The country with the most organic land is Australia, with mote than 12 mil lion hectares, lollowed by Argentina, Brasil and the US. In total 32.2 mil lion hectares were under organic management in 2007. For 1999, 11 million hectares of organically managed land are reported, In recent years organic agriculture has grown greatly. Considering this rapid growth, it is within the nature of organic farming to keep it from becoming a large scale industrial business. As to organic food, two studies have found that children fed or ganic diets experienced significantly lower pesticide exposure than children fed conventional diets. Although the researchers did not collect health out come data in this study, they concluded "children whose diets consist of or ganic food items would have a lower probability of brain health risks". A 2007 study found that consumption of organic milk is associated with a de crease in risk for skin disease. How much was the estimated total market value of organic products estimated to be by 2002
W: Would you please describe the nature of your farmM: Sure, I mainly grow feed crops. Feed crops are crops that are used to feed cattle, The crops that I grow are corn and wheat. I do grow cotton and other when the prices for them axe better.W: How many employees do you have7M: I have three full-time employees and six to seven part-time employees.W: Do you pay them hourly or are they salariedM:I pay them by the hour because sometimes they only work a few hours and other times they work many hours. Therefore, it wouldn’t be fair for them to get a weekly or monthly salary year round.W: How many hours do you work as the ownerM: In the winter I work eight hours a day, but in the spring, summer, and fall I work twelve to fourteen hours a day. Many times a farmer’s work depends on the weather. For example, if the crop need water and it hasn’t rained, I must irrigate my fields which can take many hours. At other times, I spend my time in checking my fields for pests. If I find them, I have to apply pesticides. If my machinery breaks down, I have to fix it. Of course, I must also make sure my crops get picked when they are ready.W: If you were to start a new business this year, what changes would you makeM: I wouldn’t make many changes, and the few changes I would make would be subtle. Right now I am a successful farmer. What work does the farmer need to do().
W: Right, well, in the studio this morning, for our interview spot is Peter Wilson. Peter works for Green Peace. So, Peter, welcome.M: Thanks a lot.W: Peter, perhaps you can tell us something about Green Peace and your job there.M: Sure. We’ve been going for a few decades and we’re a non-violent, non-political organization. We’re involved in anti-nuclear activity, con servat[on and protection of animals and protection and support of our eco system. I’m the action organizer and arrange any protests.W: Great! Peter. What sort of protest would you organizeM: Well, recently we’ve been involved in anti-nuclear campaigns. I person ally arranged for the demonstration against radioactive waste dumping in the Atlantic Ocean. We’ve got a few small Green Peace boats that we harass the dumping ship with.W: Hey Hold on, Peter. I thought you said your organization was non-vio- lent. What do you mean by harassM: Well, we circle round and round the ships and get in the way when they try to dump the drums of nuclear waste in the sea. We talk to the men and try to change, you know, yell at them to stop. We generally make ourselves as much of a nuisance possible.W: Well, people may think differently of your methods, but there’s no doubt you’re doing a great job. Keep it up and good luck. And thanks for talking with us.W: Thanks for having me. What is the man’s chief responsibility in the Green Peace organization().
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