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在连续降雨天气的山区公路行车时，要选择道路中间坚实的路面行驶。
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机动车通过弯道时，在车况技术性能良好的前提下可以迅速超车。
Stress Stress is the body’’s reaction to any change that requires an adjustment or response. The body reacts to these changes with physical, mental, and emotional responses. Stress is a normal part of life. Many events that happen to you and around you—and many things that you do yourself—put stress on your body. You can experience stress from your environment, your body, and your thoughts.How does stress affect health The human body is designed to experience stress and react to it. Stress can be positive, keeping us alert and ready to avoid danger. Stress becomes negative when a person faces continuous challenges without relief or relaxation between challenges. As a result, the person becomes overworked, and stress-related tension builds. Stress that continues without relief can lead to a condition called distress—a negative stress reaction. Distress can disturb the body’’s internal balance or equilibrium—leading to physical symptoms including headaches, upset stomach, elevated blood pressure, chest pain, and sleeping problems. Research suggests that stress also can bring on or worsen certain symptoms or diseases. Stress also becomes harmful when people use alcohol, tobacco, or drugs to try to relieve their stress. Unfortunately, instead of relieving the stress and returning the body to a relaxed state, these substances tend to keep the body in a stressed state and cause more problems. Consider the following facts: -Forty-three percent of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress. -Seventy-five to 90% of all doctor’’s office visits are for stress-related ailments (烦恼) and complaints. -Stress is linked to six of the leading causes of death: heart disease, cancer, lung ailments, accidents, cirrhosis (硬化) of the liver, and suicide. -The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) declared stress a hazard of the workplace. In terms of lost hours due to absenteeism, reduced productivity and workers’’ compensation benefits, stress costs American industry more than $300 billion annually. -The lifetime prevalence of an emotional disorder is more than 50%, often due to chronic (长期的), untreated stress reactions.What’’s normal anxiety The cold sweat of anxiety is that "fight or flight" response that kept our early relatives safe from grizzly (灰色的) bears and other scary characters. That adrenaline rush still serves us well under certain circumstances. Anxiety is a natural reaction to those very real stresses. In today’’s world, that reaction helps motivate us, prepares us for things we have to face, and sometimes give us energy to take action when we need to. Big job interview is coming up, and it’’s got you in knots. So you spend a little more time getting dressed or rehearsing what you’’re going to say. You’’ve got an appointment with the divorce lawyer, so you do more homework. That kind of anxiety can motivate you to do better. It helps you protect yourself. But as we know too well, sometimes it doesn’’t take a specific threat—only the possibility of crisis—to send humans into anxiety mode. The difficulty comes in learning to tone down that automatic response—to think, "How serious is the danger How likely is the threat" The thing about anxiety is, it can take on a life of its own. Everything becomes a potential crisis. The unthinkable has happened. So around every corner, there’’s the next possible disaster.What are symptoms of harmful anxiety When anxiety is taking a toll, your body knows it. You have trouble sleeping, eating, and concentrating. You get headaches; your stomach is upset. You might even have a panic attack— the pounding heart, a feeling of lightheadedness. Anxiety may also feel like depression. The two sometimes overlap. When anxiety becomes so overwhelming that it interferes with day-to-day activities—when it keeps you from going places, from doing things you need to do—that’’s when you need help. Generalized anxiety disorder is a bigger syndrome—like a worry machine in your head. If it’’s not one thing, it’’s another. You’’re procrastinating to the point that you’’re almost afraid to take a step. You’’re so nervous about going to your child’’s school to talk to the teacher, you just don’’t go —you miss the appointment. In the case of such overwhelming anxiety, people are not making good decisions. They’’re avoiding things, or they’’re unable to rise to the occasion because the anxiety is too much. They’’re procrastinating because they can’’t concentrate, can’’t stay focused. It’’s really interfering with their day-to-day life. At that point, they may have a more serious anxiety problem and need professional help.How Can You Cope To cope with plain-vanilla anxiety, separate out the real risks and dangers that a situation presents and those your imagination is making worse. It’’s a twist on the old adage: "Take control of the things you can, and accept those you can’’t change. " Ask yourself: Where can you take control of a situation Where can you make changes Then do what needs to be done. What things do you simply have to accept That’’s very important. Very often, it’’s possible to get past an anxiety cycle with the help of friends or family— someone who can help you sort out your problems. But when anxiety becomes overwhelming, it’’s time for a therapist, or perhaps medication. Here are two strategies that therapists use to help us conquer anxiety:Challenge negative thoughts Ask yourself: Is this a productive thought Is it helping me get closer to my goal If it’’s just a negative thought you’’re rehashing, then you must be able to say to that thought: "Stop." That’’s difficult to do, but it’’s very important. Rather than becoming paralyzed with anxiety, here’’s another message you can send yourself: "I may have to take a job I don’’t like as much, may have to travel further than I want, but I’’ll do what I have to do now. At least I will have the security of income in the short term. Then I can look for something better later. "The most important thing: "to realize when you’’ve done everything you can, that you need to move forward."Learn to relax You may even need "breathing retraining". When people get anxious, they tend to hold their breath. We teach people a special diaphragmatic breathing—it calms your system. Do yoga (瑜伽), meditation, or get some exercise. Exercise is a terrific outlet for anxiety. Most of all, try not to compound your problems. When things are bad, there is a legitimate reason to feel bad. But if you don’’t deal with it, you’’re going to lose more than just a job—you’’ll lose relationships, your self-confidence, you could even lose technical abilities if you stay dormant in your profession. Try not to compound one stress by adding another. Often your ability to work through anxiety—get past it—varies depending on the type of crisis you faced. The more severe, the more surprising it was, the longer it’’s going to take to get over it. You may be on autopilot for several weeks. If you’’re depressed, that can complicate things. In the case of divorce, it may take months to years to really get back to yourself. But take heart. If you’’re doing well in one aspect of your life—in your work or your relationships—you’’re probably on your way. Fear and anxiety are no longer running your life. Stress can be positive, keeping us alert and ready to avoid danger.
The reason people exist at all is because of two important things, memory and language, which have been vital in the evolution (进化) of humanity. As an example, our ancestors needed language to explain how to light a fire to keep their caves warm, and a memory to remember how to do it So we have a memory because if we didn’’t we would never have evolved far enough for you to ask this question in the first place! So, how does it work Well the processes involved in human memory are very complex. People sometimes compare the human brain to a computer, and memory to floppy discs, but this is a bit misleading. Despite big advances in recent years memory is still a bit of mystery, and there are disagreements among the experts about exactly what is going on. Memory is seen as a function of the brain and is defined as the ability to store and retrieve information. But there is no particular bit of the brain which is thought to be where data is stored. Many people think that there are different types of memory, after all there are lots of different types of input, so we can see, hear, smell, taste and touch. And we tend not to remember things as single, simple bits, but in a more complex way. So you may remember the first time you had, say, a very hot chili con carne(红辣椒), but not just that simple fact, you’’d find you’’d remember it as part of a more complex set of things. So you’’d probably remember that the first time you had chili was at a friend’’s birthday party, when you wore green jeans. So memory is very complex, and it doesn’’t seem to belong in any one part of the brain. But you couldn’’t possibly store all this complex information in your brain. Instead it seems like your brain takes lots of information into your short term memory, but then picks the most important information out of that to go into long term memory. Nobody is quite sure how long term memory works. Because we can remember so much information, some scientists think that it must be stored in very small things. Some think that memories are stored by changing the ways brain cells link together, but it is difficult to study this in the laboratory. In Paragraph 4, the author uses the example of "chili con came" in order to show that:
某建设项目的竣工决算资料见下表，试计算甲车间应分摊的建设单位管理费为( )万元。 某项目竣工决算资料表 (单位：万元) 项目名称 建筑工程 安装工程 需安装设备 建设单位管理费 建设项目竣工决算 3 000 500 2 400 32 甲车间竣工决算 600 150 500
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