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Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to," says Dr David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest. The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it," says Dr David. "They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 hours or even more to feel ideally vigorous." Perhaps the most merciless rubber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day. When ever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme. "In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition." To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers," says Dr David. "Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.\ It can he concluded from the passage that one should sleep as many hours as necessary to ______.
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Tomson: This process of training .in universities, by which the intellect, instead of being formed or sacrificed to some particular of accidental purpose, some specific trade of profession, or study or science, is disciplined for its own sake, for the perception of its own proper object, and for its own highest culture, is called Liberal Education; and though there is no one in whom it is carried as far as is conceivable, or whose intellect would be a pattern of what intellects should be made, yet there is scarcely anyone but may gain an idea of what real training is, and at least look towards it, and make its true scope and result, not something else, his standard of excellence; and numbers there are who may submit themselves to it, and secure it to themselves in good measure. Bradly: It is only understandable that parents long to see their sons and daughters with promising futures, as most students today are from single-child families. However, this eagerness can backfire if parents fail to educate their children with scientific approaches and concepts. Cases of failure in this regard survey indicates that due to lack of guidance from sound educational theory, many parents in this country are at a loss over what to do with. their children’s education. Many put high test scores first in family education, and know little about the need to build all-round character in their children. Fredrick: When our children’s school life is weighed down with bulging schoolbags and psychological pressure, how can they lake initiative They can be emancipated only when schools and society alike begin doing something about these pressures on them. Parents should change their ways of thinking. Educating children is a science as well as an art, and is doomed if the natural laws governing children’s healthy physical and mental development are violated. That is why parents should know something about education and psychology, as well as the features, standards and trends of modern education. In this regard they need the help of educators. Arusa: Public opinion plays a major role in the process of advancing character education. It provides an appropriate guide for students, parents and the public to reach a consensus on the concepts of education, and helps foster a good environment for securing public concern and support for and involvement in character education. And we hope our writers, artists and education researchers will do their part for carrying forward character education from their respective fields of work, all for the same purpose: to bring forth worthy successors to our cause. To this end the entire society is duty-bound. Jonnason: The efforts to carry out character education call for comprehensive changes in orientation, functions, institution; content and approaches. They call for sweeping changes in our understanding of values, talent and quality of education. It is a restructuring project that is of vital importance and has a far-reaching influence on the overall situation, involving people from all walks of life. Now match each of the persons (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.Statements[A] Social reforms and fundamental changes are called for when character education is to be carried out.[B] Some parents are not able to educate their children with proper methods because their own opinions on education are questionable.[C] The business of a university is to help all students towards the right standard according to their various capacities.[D] Rational reports on newspapers or TV programs can help promote the quality of education.[E] Parents need the help from educators.[F]Parents are blamed if their children do not perform well at school.[G] It’s doubtful whether there is a link between liberal education and science education. Fredrick
我国《票据法》第108条规定：“本法规定的各项期限的计算，适用民法通则关于计算期间的规定，按日计算期限的，接到期日的______计算；无______的，以______为到期日。”
Text One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be airconditioned and I couldn’t face my (26) apartment. Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the (27) between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the (28) every time she leaned over to talk to him, (29) he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such (30) in a public place I thought the movie would be good for my English, but (31) it turned out, it was an Italian movie. (32) about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and (33) on my popcorn. I’ve never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted pretty good, (34) . Alter a while I heard (35) more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the (36) of the popcorn crunching between my teeth. My thought started to (37) . I remembered when I was in South Korea, I (38) to watch Kodak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean -- I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, (39) I saw him again in New York speaking (40) English instead of perfect Korean. He didn’t even have a Korean accent and I (41) like I had been betrayed. When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English. (42) we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone. agreed, but our house became very (43) and we all seemed to avoid each’ other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to (44) a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it (45) out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! We’ve been speaking Korean at home ever since.
[A] By contrast, somewhat more than 25 per cent of the earth’s population can be found in the industrialized societies. They lead modern lives. They are products of the first half of the twentieth century, molded by mechanization and mass education, brought up with lingering memories of their own country’s agricultural past. They are, in effect, the people of the present.[B] The remaining 2 or 3 per cent of the world’s population, however, are no longer people of either the past or the present. For within the main centers of technological and cultural change, in Santa Monica, California and Cambridge, Massachusetts, in New York and London, and Tokyo, are millions of men and women who can already be said to be living the way of life of the future. Trend-makers often without being aware of it, live today as millions will live tomorrow. And while they account for only a few percent of the global population today, they are already from an international nation of the future in our midst. They are the advanced agents of man, the earliest citizens of the worldwide super-industrial society now in the throes of birth.[C] It is, in fact, not too much to say that the pace of life draws a line through humanity, dividing us into camps, triggering hitter misunderstanding between parent and child, between Madison Avenue and Main Street, between men and women, between American and European, between East and West.[D] What makes them different from the rest of mankind Certainly, they are richer, better educated, more mobile than the majority of the human race. They also live longer. But what specifically marks the people of the future is the fact that they are already caught up in a new, stepped-up pace of life. They "live faster" than the people around them.[E] The inhabitants of the earth are divided not only by race, nation, religion or ideology, but also, in a sense, by their position in time. Examining the present population of the globe, we find a tiny group who still live, hunting and food-foraging, as men did millennia ago. Others, the vast majority of mankind, depend not on bear-hunting or berry-picking, but on agriculture. They live, in many respects, as their ancestors did centuries ago. These two groups taken together compose perhaps 70 per cent of all living human beings. They are the people of the past.[F] Some people are deeply attracted to this highly accelerated pace of life—going far out of their way to bring it about and feeling anxious, tense or uncomfortable when the pace slows. They want desperately to be "where the action is.’ James A. Wilson has found, for example, that the attraction for a fast pace of life is one of the hidden motivating forces behind the much-publicized "brain-drain"—the mass migration of European scientists and engineers who migrated to the U. S. and Canada. He concluded that it was no higher salaries or better research facilities alone, but also the quicker tempo that lure them. The migrants, he writes, "are not put off by what they indicated as the faster pace’ of North America; if anything, they appear to prefer this pace to others."[G] The pace of life is frequently commented on by ordinary people. Yet, oddly enough, it has received almost no attention from either psychologists or sociologists. This is a gaping inadequacy in the behavioral sciences, for the pace of life profoundly influences behavior, evoking strong and contrasting reactions from different people.Notes：gaping是gape的现在分词；gape vi.裂开。not too much一点也不多，一点也不过分。Madison Avenue麦迪逊街(纽约一条街道的名字。美国主要广告公司、公共关系事务所集中于此。常用以表示此等公司之作风、做法等。)。Main Street实利主义社会。food-foraging觅食的。millennium千年。trend-maker(＝ trend-setter)领导新潮的人。in the throes of为……而苦干、搏斗。be caught up in陷入。going far out of their way to bring it about远远没有阻碍它的诞生。brain-drain(高科技)人才流动(从欧洲到美洲)。Order: 43
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