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Irish Dolphins may Have a Unique Dialect Irish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary in the southwest of the country believe they may have developed a unique dialect to communicate with each other. The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation (SDWF) has been studying a group of up to 120 bottle-nose dolphins in the River Shannon using vocalizations collected on a computer in a cow shed near the River Shannon. As part of a research project, student Ronan Hickey digitized and analyzed a total of 1,882 whistles from the Irish dolphins and those from the Welsh dolphins on a computer and separated them into six fundamental whistle types and 32 different categories. Of the categories, he found most were used by both sets of dolphins but eight were only heard from the Irish dolphins. "We are building up a catalogue of the different whistle types they use and trying to associate them with behavior like foraging, resting, socializing and the communications of groups with calves," project leader Simon Berrow said. "Essentially we are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds they make." Berrow, a marine biologist, said the dolphins’ clicks are used to find their way around and locate prey. The whistles are communications. "They do a whole range of other sounds like barks, groans and a kind of gunshot," he said. "The gunshot is an intense pulse of sound. Sperm whales use it to stun their prey." "When I first heard it I was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the only species who used it. We can speculate the dolphins are using it for the same reason as the sperm whales," Berrow said. References in local legend indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estuary for generations and they may even have been resident there as far back as the 6th century. They are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry and an estimated 25,000 tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them. Sperm whales can produce stronger ultrasonic waves to kill their prey than dolphins.
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Text Liwan is the name of Guangzhou’s southwest district, bordered by Renmin Lu to the south and west. Not so long ago, in the (26) 1900s, this area of the city was renowned (27) its Cantonese restaurants, gardens, teahouses and boat rides on (28) many waterways. This was at a time (29) the Liwan area was (30) into a new town in much the same way (31) the Tianhe area is now becoming the place to be in Guangzhou. Today, though, the Liwan district (32) rapid development (33) new high-rise apartment buildings are mushrooming everywhere. Most of the rivers that crossed the area (34) now disappeared, and (35) we can get to a boat ride is hiring a pedal boat on Liwan Lake. Fortunately, some attempt is (36) to preserve the area’s architectural and cultural heritage, particularly on the streets around Liwan Lake Park. On Longjin Xi Lu, for instance, you can still see some of the Xiguan houses and (37) unique wooden doors. These large three or four-story grey-brick houses were built (38) a Western style, and the interiors were decorated with the best of local crafts, (39) stained glass windows and (40) wooden furniture. They were the (41) of the neighborhood at the turn of the last century. As well as these Xiguan houses, the area (42) has some large European-style stone buildings. The Liwan Museum is (43) in one of these colonial buildings. It was built in 1912 for the local branch manager of a Hong Kong bank. The museum is stocked (44) with memorabilia (大事记) from Liwan’s colorful past—old photographs, maps, Cantonese opera costumes and (45) scrolls (名册). To find the museum, walk south along Longjin Xi Lu from the Liwan Lake Park’s entrance till the crossroads, then turn right.
Female leaders face up to crisis 1 During the recession (经济衰退), German Chancellor Angela Merkel, 55, announced a 50-billion-euro stimulus package (经济刺激计划) for her country earlier this year, saying it would boost growth and protect jobs in Europe’s biggest economy. The package includes 17-18 billion euros in investment in roads and schools and 9 billion euros in tax cuts for companies and individuals. Critics slarmmed (猛烈抨击) the measure as too little, too late to haul Germany out of a recession. 2 At the end of last year, US President-elect Obama picked Mary Schapiro, 53, a regulator he said was "both smart and tough," to head the Securities and Exchange Commission (证券交易委员会). Soon after taking the post, she merged the regulatory operations of the National Association of Securities Dealers and the New York Stock Exchange to reduce costly duplications. 3 On the first day of last month, Johanna Sigurdardottir, 66, was sworn in as the first female premier of Iceland. Her first act was to rework the cabinet, shrinking it from 12 to 10 seats. "All the ministers in my cabinet must work fast, take firm action and accept responsibility for their actions," Sigurdardottir said, according to the New York Times. 4 Argentine President Cristina Fernandez, 56, is considered a tough female politician. To boost the economy during the international financial crisis, she announced an investment plan at the end of last year worth 71 billion Argentine pesos (135 billion yuan). The investment is mainly intended for the construction industry, schools and houses.A. The Ministers in the CabinetB. German ChancellorC. The First Female Premier of IcelandD. Argentine PresidentE. US PresidentF. Head the Securities and Exchange Commission Paragraph 4______
Text Liwan is the name of Guangzhou’s southwest district, bordered by Renmin Lu to the south and west. Not so long ago, in the (26) 1900s, this area of the city was renowned (27) its Cantonese restaurants, gardens, teahouses and boat rides on (28) many waterways. This was at a time (29) the Liwan area was (30) into a new town in much the same way (31) the Tianhe area is now becoming the place to be in Guangzhou. Today, though, the Liwan district (32) rapid development (33) new high-rise apartment buildings are mushrooming everywhere. Most of the rivers that crossed the area (34) now disappeared, and (35) we can get to a boat ride is hiring a pedal boat on Liwan Lake. Fortunately, some attempt is (36) to preserve the area’s architectural and cultural heritage, particularly on the streets around Liwan Lake Park. On Longjin Xi Lu, for instance, you can still see some of the Xiguan houses and (37) unique wooden doors. These large three or four-story grey-brick houses were built (38) a Western style, and the interiors were decorated with the best of local crafts, (39) stained glass windows and (40) wooden furniture. They were the (41) of the neighborhood at the turn of the last century. As well as these Xiguan houses, the area (42) has some large European-style stone buildings. The Liwan Museum is (43) in one of these colonial buildings. It was built in 1912 for the local branch manager of a Hong Kong bank. The museum is stocked (44) with memorabilia (大事记) from Liwan’s colorful past—old photographs, maps, Cantonese opera costumes and (45) scrolls (名册). To find the museum, walk south along Longjin Xi Lu from the Liwan Lake Park’s entrance till the crossroads, then turn right.
Questions 19～21 are based on the following conversation. Why was the man relieved at last
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