题目内容
在上半平面求一条向上凹的曲线，其上任一点P(x，y)处在曲率等于此曲线在该点的法线段PQ长度的倒数(Q是法线与z轴的交点)，且曲线在(1，1)处的切线与x轴平行．
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以下各题基于以下题干： 一项全球范围的调查显示，近10年来，吸烟者的总数基本保持不变；每年只有10%的吸烟者改变自己的品牌，即放弃原有的品牌而改吸其他品牌；烟草制造商用在广告上的支出占其毛收入的10%。在Z烟草公司的年终董事会上，董事A认为，上述统计表明，烟草业在广告上的收益正好等于其支出，因此，此类广告完全可以不做。董事B认为，由于上述10%的吸烟者所改吸的香烟品牌中几乎不包括本公司的品牌，因此，本公司的广告开支实际上是笔亏损性开支。 以下哪项，如果为真，能构成对董事B的结论的质疑 Ⅰ．如果没有Z公司的烟草广告，许多消费z公司品牌的吸烟者将改吸其他品牌。 Ⅱ．上述改变品牌的10%的吸烟者所放弃的品牌中，几乎没有Z公司的品牌。 Ⅲ．烟草广告的效果之一，是吸引新吸烟者取代停止吸烟者(死亡的吸烟者或戒烟者)而消费自己的品牌。
Passage 2 Traditionally, universities have carried out two main activities: research and teaching. Many experts would argue that both these activities play a critical role in serving the community. The fundamental question, however, is how does the community want or need to be served In recent years universities have been coming under increasing pressure from. both the governments and the public to ensure that they do not remain "ivory towers(象牙塔)" of study separated from the realities of everyday life. University teachers have been encouraged, and in some cases constrained (强逼), to provide more courses which produce graduates with the technical skills required for the commercial use. (78) If Aristotle wanted to work in a university in the UK today, he would have a good chance of teaching computer science but would not be so readily employable as a philosopher. A post-industrial society requires large numbers of computer programmers, engineers, managers and technicians to maintain and develop its economic growth but "man", as the Bible says, "does not live by bread alone." (79) Apart from requiting medical and social services which do not directly contribute to economic growth, the society should also value and enjoy literature, music and the arts. Because they can also promote economic growth. A successful musical play, for instance, can contribute as much to the Gross National Product through tourist dollars as any other things. The author believes that（）
Passage 1 Washington Irving was America’ s first man of letters to be known internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was, in fact, one of the most successful writers of his time in the country, and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. (76) The respect in which he was held partly owing to the man himself, with his warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, his artistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackeray described Irving as "a gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, was most finished, polished, witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans." (77) England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation—and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature. America made him ambassador to Spain. Irving’s background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gifted but delicate child, he had little schooling. He studied law, but without zeal, and never did practice seriously. He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment, frequenting both social gatherings and the theater. Why might Irving’ s literary ability have been surprising to the English（）
Passage 1 Washington Irving was America’ s first man of letters to be known internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in England and in the United States. He was, in fact, one of the most successful writers of his time in the country, and at the same time winning the admiration of fellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the United States. (76) The respect in which he was held partly owing to the man himself, with his warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, his artistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackeray described Irving as "a gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, was most finished, polished, witty; socially the equal of the most refined Europeans." (77) England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation—and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature. America made him ambassador to Spain. Irving’s background provides little to explain his literary achievements. A gifted but delicate child, he had little schooling. He studied law, but without zeal, and never did practice seriously. He was immune to his strict Presbyterian home environment, frequenting both social gatherings and the theater. Which of the following best describes the effect of Irving’ s personal qualities on his literary success（）
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