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How is urbanization negatively affecting our society Growing (1) is associated with urbanism. Urbanism (2) , urban violence, political instability, crime and (3) behavior. It also perpetuates poverty and (4) the traditional family structure. Other problems include failing (5) , safety, transportation, housing, education and electricity. (6) are much higher in urban areas. With divorce rates rising, (7) is becoming more of a problem than before. People are (8) by race, religious practices, (9) heritage, as well as economic and social status. This often creates much (10) and prejudice between social groups. This can cause physical or mental damage to individuals or (11) .The government assumes major (12) for development attempting to meet rapidly increasing demands for (13) , housing, transportation and employment. But they are not able to (14) all the problems in urban areas.America has hired approximately (15) more teachers in the last few years than have been hired in the past, but the increase in population keeps the (16) just as large. Due to the (17) in urban areas and the lack of (18) opportunity, the crime rate is still a huge problem. The problems in urban areas are far more (19) than can be handled in any (20) efforts. 7（）
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Sixty-three years after U. S. forces vanquished the Japanese and planted the Stars and Stripes atop Iwo Jima’s Mount Suribachi, the remote outpost in the Volcano Islands is the focus of another pitched battle. This time film directors Clint Eastwood and Spike Lee are sparring over the accuracy of Eastwood’s two films about the clash, Flags o f Our Father3 and Letters from Iwo Jima. Lee has claimed that by soft-pedaling the role of African Americans in the battle, Eastwood has whitewashed history."Clint Eastwood made two films about Iwo Jima that ran for more than four hours total, and there was not one Negro actor on the screen," Lee said last month at the Cannes Film Festival. "In his version of Iwo Jima, Negro soldiers did not exist. "Eastwood bristled at the charge. "Has he ever studied history [African-American soldiers] didn’t raise the flag," he countered in an interview with the British newspaper the Guardian. "If I go ahead and put an African-American actor in there, people’d go, ‘ This guy’s lost his mind.’" Eastwood also suggested Lee should "shut his face. " That didn’t go down so well. Eastwood "is not my father, and we’re not on a plantation either," Lee fumed. "I’m not making this up. I know history. "History, as it turns out, is on both their sides. Lee is correct that African Americans played a key role in World War II, in which more than 1 million black servicemen helped topple the Axis powers. He is correct too in pointing out that African-American forces made significant contributions to the fight for Iwo Jima. An estimated 700 to 900 African Americans, trained in segregated boot camps, participated in the landmark battle, which claimed the lives of about 6,800 servicemen, nearly all Marines.Racial prejudice shunted blacks into supply roles in Iwo Jima, but that didn’t mean they were safe. Under enemy fire, they braved perilous beach landings, unloaded and shuttled ammunition to the front lines and weathered Japanese onslaughts on their positions. "Shells, mortar and hand grenades don’t know the difference of color," says Thomas McPhatter, an African-American Marine who hauled ammo during the battle. "Everybody out there was trying to cover their butts to survive. "But Eastwood- s portrayal of the battle is also essentially accurate. Flags o f Our Fathers zeroes in on. the soldiers who hoisted the U. S. flag on Mount Suribachi. None of the six servicemen seen m Joe Rosenthal’s famous photograph-the iconic image depicts the second flag-raising attempt; the first wasn’t visible to other U. S. troops on Iwo Jima-were black. (Easiwood’s other film, Letters from. Iwo Jim a , is told largely from the perspective of Japanese soldiers. ) Eastwood is also correct that black soldiers represented only a small fraction of the total force deployed on the island.That may be true, but it is not enough to placate Yvonne Latty, the author of a book about African-American veterans. Given the hazards of their mission and the virulent racism they endured-McPhatter says he has to execute his mission without giving orders to white troops, even if they were needed-Latty argues that black soldiers warrant more than fleeting inclusion in the film. Christopher Paul Moore, author of a book about black soldiers in World War II, praises Eastwood’s rendering of the battle but laments the limited role it accords African Americans. "Without black labor," he says, "we would’ve seen a much different ending to the war. " Adds Latty: "The way America learns history, unfortunately, is through movies. " Eastwood poignantly memorialized a heroic chapter in American warfare. But using a wider-angle lens might have brought into sharper focus a group often elbowed to history’s fringes. What do we know about the opinions of the two authors Yvonne Latty and Chrestopher Paul Moore?
I want this new school year to be a good one for my students as they learn about everything from calculus to Shakespeare to failure. That’s right. Failure.We all need to fail a little. In fact, the secret of success, might just be that. Consider the path of Henry David Thoreau. By many accounts, Thoreau was a failure. Folks thought he should have been a civic leader. He could have been a doctor, a lawyer, a teacher. He might even have made congressman or governor.Instead, the Harvard man seemed to spend most of his time loafing in the woods near his hometown over near Walden Pond. Everyone just scratched their heads and wondered why such a promising young fellow wasn’t a "success".I’m not suggesting that my students drop classes for the woods but it’s important to remember that ideas on success vary, even in these enlightened times. Some measure success by the size of the car he or she drives, others point to the width of their wallet or the number of bathrooms in their house. The trouble is, by that way of thinking, America becomes the land of numbers and the higher the number, the greater the success.Baseball-s numbers help us to remember that frequent failure can be considered a success. Players who routinely fail to get a hit 7 out of every 10 at-bats are considered All Stars. But they are really stars because they learn from their mistakes.The lessons of failure are an important part of the curriculum of success. We learn from them. They push us to do better; they teach us humility. As teacher, I expect students to revise their work to build on the "failure" of the first draft to achieve clarity and insight in the final draft. That’ s a good model for most things in life.Part of the problem, though, is that we live in a country obsessed by results. In school it is the A student who gets all the perks even though getting an A doesn’t always measure how much a person really knows. A’s are icons of honor. F’s are badges of defeat. We idealize icons and look up to heroes such as George Washington or John Glenn Yet we shouldn’t discount the heroes who labor outside the limelight. Those are the men and women who quietly go about the business of raising a family and taking care of their neighbors.The most admirable are ones who invent their own success. They know how to seize the moment and let the chips fall where they may. They know that the best way to measure success is by living each day to the fullest. True success is giving something back. And you don-t have to have a lot in the wallet to attain it. There are many people, young and old, who give back by serving in literacy campaigns and soup kitchens.As my father used to say: “Make sure you leave the world a better place than it was when you entered it. At least clean up after yourself. " The beginning of the school year is a good time to start reorienting ourselves. It’s a good time to see our failures in a new light.After Thoreau died in 1862, his mentor, Ralph Waldo Emerson, lamented that Henry hadn’t blossomed into a great leader of the nation. His books were little read, his ideas seemed skewed. And yet, less than 100 years later, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. pointed to Thoreau-s essay "Civil Disobedience" as one of the sparks that ignited the civil rights movement and profoundly shaped American society.Not a bad legacy for a failure Explain the author’s statement "America becomes the land of numbers"(para4)
When Americans think about hunger, we usually think in terms of mass starvation in far-away countries. But hunger too often lurks (1) . In 2006, 35. 1 million people, including (2) children, in the United States did not have access to enough food for an active healthy life. Some of these individuals relied on emergency food sources and (3) .Although most people think of hungry people and homeless people as the same, the problem of hunger reaches (4) . While the number of people being hungry or (5) may be surprising, it is the faces of those hungry individuals that would probably (6) .The face of hunger is (7) who has worked hard for their entire lives only to find their savings (8) ; or a single mother who has to choose whether the salary from (9) will go to buy food or pay rent; or a child who struggles to (10) because his family couldn’t afford dinner the night before. A December 2006 survey estimated that (11) those requesting emergency food assistance were either children or their parents.Children (12) to live in households where someone experiences hunger and food insecurity than adults. (13) compared to one in five children live in households where someone suffers from hunger (14) .Child poverty is more widespread in the United States than in (15) ; at the same time, the U. S. government spends less than any industrialized country to (16) .We have long known that the (17) of small children need adequate food (18) . But science is just beginning to understand the full extent of this relationship. As late as the 1980s, conventional wisdom held that only the (19) actually alter brain development. The latest empirical evidence, however, shows that even relatively mild under-nutrition (20) in children which can last a lifetime. 14（）
Sixty-three years after U. S. forces vanquished the Japanese and planted the Stars and Stripes atop Iwo Jima’s Mount Suribachi, the remote outpost in the Volcano Islands is the focus of another pitched battle. This time film directors Clint Eastwood and Spike Lee are sparring over the accuracy of Eastwood’s two films about the clash, Flags o f Our Father3 and Letters from Iwo Jima. Lee has claimed that by soft-pedaling the role of African Americans in the battle, Eastwood has whitewashed history."Clint Eastwood made two films about Iwo Jima that ran for more than four hours total, and there was not one Negro actor on the screen," Lee said last month at the Cannes Film Festival. "In his version of Iwo Jima, Negro soldiers did not exist. "Eastwood bristled at the charge. "Has he ever studied history [African-American soldiers] didn’t raise the flag," he countered in an interview with the British newspaper the Guardian. "If I go ahead and put an African-American actor in there, people’d go, ‘ This guy’s lost his mind.’" Eastwood also suggested Lee should "shut his face. " That didn’t go down so well. Eastwood "is not my father, and we’re not on a plantation either," Lee fumed. "I’m not making this up. I know history. "History, as it turns out, is on both their sides. Lee is correct that African Americans played a key role in World War II, in which more than 1 million black servicemen helped topple the Axis powers. He is correct too in pointing out that African-American forces made significant contributions to the fight for Iwo Jima. An estimated 700 to 900 African Americans, trained in segregated boot camps, participated in the landmark battle, which claimed the lives of about 6,800 servicemen, nearly all Marines.Racial prejudice shunted blacks into supply roles in Iwo Jima, but that didn’t mean they were safe. Under enemy fire, they braved perilous beach landings, unloaded and shuttled ammunition to the front lines and weathered Japanese onslaughts on their positions. "Shells, mortar and hand grenades don’t know the difference of color," says Thomas McPhatter, an African-American Marine who hauled ammo during the battle. "Everybody out there was trying to cover their butts to survive. "But Eastwood- s portrayal of the battle is also essentially accurate. Flags o f Our Fathers zeroes in on. the soldiers who hoisted the U. S. flag on Mount Suribachi. None of the six servicemen seen m Joe Rosenthal’s famous photograph-the iconic image depicts the second flag-raising attempt; the first wasn’t visible to other U. S. troops on Iwo Jima-were black. (Easiwood’s other film, Letters from. Iwo Jim a , is told largely from the perspective of Japanese soldiers. ) Eastwood is also correct that black soldiers represented only a small fraction of the total force deployed on the island.That may be true, but it is not enough to placate Yvonne Latty, the author of a book about African-American veterans. Given the hazards of their mission and the virulent racism they endured-McPhatter says he has to execute his mission without giving orders to white troops, even if they were needed-Latty argues that black soldiers warrant more than fleeting inclusion in the film. Christopher Paul Moore, author of a book about black soldiers in World War II, praises Eastwood’s rendering of the battle but laments the limited role it accords African Americans. "Without black labor," he says, "we would’ve seen a much different ending to the war. " Adds Latty: "The way America learns history, unfortunately, is through movies. " Eastwood poignantly memorialized a heroic chapter in American warfare. But using a wider-angle lens might have brought into sharper focus a group often elbowed to history’s fringes. What does the author mean by saying that "History, as it turns out, is on both their sides."(para4)
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