Just as world oil scarcity is already causing international conflicts, so will the scarcity of water reach a point where wars will break out. The statistics on water are already scary. Already well over 1 billion people suffer from water shortages and 30 countries get more than a third of their water from outside their borders-an obvious source of disputes and instability especially as the climate changes. The whole of the sub-Saharan Africa, most of South Asia and western South America are most at risk. The reason: the rapid melting of glaciers due to global warming.At the meeting of the coalition of 27 International charities last month, Gareth Thomas, minister of International Development of the British government, wrote to prime minister Gordon Brown demanding action to ensure fresh water to 1.1 billion people with poor supplies. "If we do not act now, the reality is that water supplies may become the subject of international conflict in the years ahead. We need to invest now to prevent us having to pay that price in the future." Thomas said. The department warned that two-thirds of the word’s population will live in water-stressed countries by 2025.The coalition of charities has appealed for a global effort to bring running water to the developing world and supply sanitation to a further 2.6 billion people. It said that international investment is needed now to prevent competition for water to destabilize communities and escalate into conflicts.Tackling the water and sanitation crisis is essential if the Millennium Development Goal Call to Action is to be a success. Otherwise, progress on health, education, and environment sustainability will be undermined. Each year 443 million school days are lost globally to diarrhea and 1.8 million children die from these diseases. In fact, it is often not realized that investing in sanitation and water brings the greatest public health gains, more than any other single development intervention and delivers enormous economic gains. Already, some Asian countries have put tackling these issues at the forefront of their development efforts. The Millennium Development Goals aim to halve the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water by 2015. To achieve that urgent action needs to be taken.There is no doubt that climate change is potentially the most important factor affecting water shortage. This, compounded with a growing and increasingly urbanized global population will put pressure on food and water. For a temperature rise of 2 C, which is likely to happen by 2050, there would be a catastrophic 2 to 3 billion people suffering from water stress. What does the author think is primarily responsible for water shortages in the world?()
A. Climate change.
Border dispute.
C. World competition.
D. Political instability.
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You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true. These (1) , or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century. They were brought to the United States by (2) who came from the city of Hamburg. That is why (3) was "hamburger steak".However, people in other places (4) that they invented the hamburger. Perhaps we’ll never have a (5) . But there’s no question that the hamburger was a (6) . Why Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of (7) food was needed for workers.The hamburger became even more popular (8) when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started. This chain was called "White Castle". It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only (9) . Then, in the 1930s there came the (10) where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform. And the hamburger was one of the most (11) .By now, The hamburger was ready to (12) the world. And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a (13) at first. But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger. McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants (14) around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century. McDonald’s alone has (15) for everyone person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to (16) remains significant. About (17) of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers. According to some sources, (18) of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s. But the face of the hamburger is changing (19) . Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, (20) , or veggie burger. 1()
You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true. These (1) , or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century. They were brought to the United States by (2) who came from the city of Hamburg. That is why (3) was "hamburger steak".However, people in other places (4) that they invented the hamburger. Perhaps we’ll never have a (5) . But there’s no question that the hamburger was a (6) . Why Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of (7) food was needed for workers.The hamburger became even more popular (8) when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started. This chain was called "White Castle". It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only (9) . Then, in the 1930s there came the (10) where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform. And the hamburger was one of the most (11) .By now, The hamburger was ready to (12) the world. And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a (13) at first. But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger. McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants (14) around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century. McDonald’s alone has (15) for everyone person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to (16) remains significant. About (17) of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers. According to some sources, (18) of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s. But the face of the hamburger is changing (19) . Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, (20) , or veggie burger. 19()
You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true. These (1) , or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century. They were brought to the United States by (2) who came from the city of Hamburg. That is why (3) was "hamburger steak".However, people in other places (4) that they invented the hamburger. Perhaps we’ll never have a (5) . But there’s no question that the hamburger was a (6) . Why Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of (7) food was needed for workers.The hamburger became even more popular (8) when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started. This chain was called "White Castle". It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only (9) . Then, in the 1930s there came the (10) where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform. And the hamburger was one of the most (11) .By now, The hamburger was ready to (12) the world. And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a (13) at first. But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger. McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants (14) around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century. McDonald’s alone has (15) for everyone person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to (16) remains significant. About (17) of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers. According to some sources, (18) of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s. But the face of the hamburger is changing (19) . Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, (20) , or veggie burger. 7()
Even Intelligent People Can Fail1.The striking thing about the innovators who succeeded in making our modern world is how often they failed.Turn on a light,take a photograph,watch TV,search the web,jet across the Pacific Ocean,talk on a cellphone(手机).The innovators who left us these things had to find the way to success through a maze(错综复杂)of wrong tarns.2.we have just celebrated the 125th anniversary of American innovator Thomas Edison’s success in heating a thin line to white.hot heat for 14 hours in his lab in New Jersey,US.He did mat on October 22.1879.and followed up a month later by keeping a thread of common cardboard alight(点亮着的)in an airless space for 45 hours.Three years later he went on t0 light up half a square mile of downtown Manhattan,even though only one of the six power plants in his design worked when he tamed it on,on September 4,1882.3.“Many of 1ife’s failures.”the supreme innovator said.“are people who did not realize how close they were to Success when they gave up”Before that magical moment in October 1879. Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light,but in only two cases did his experiments work.4.No one likes failure.but the smart innovators 1earn from it Mark Gumz,the head of the camera maker Olympus America Inc,attributes some of the company’s successes in technology to understanding failure.His popular phrase is:“Y0n only fail when you quit.”5.Over two centuries.the most common quality of the innovators has been persistence That is another way of saying they had the emotional ability to keep up what they were doing.Walt Disney,the founder of Disneyland,was so broke after a succession of financial failures that he was left shoeless in his office because he could not afford the US$1.50 to get his shoes from me repair shop Pioneering car maker Henry F0rd failed with one company and was forced out of another before he developed the Model T car.6.Failure is harder to bear in today’s open.accelerated world.Hardly any innovation works the first time.But an impatient society and the media want instant success.When American music and movie master David Geffen had a difficult time.a critic said nastily that the only difference between Geffen Records(Geffen’s company)and the Titanic(the ship that went down) was that the Titanic had better music Actually,it wasn’t.After four years of losses,Geffen had 80 many hits(成功的作品)he could afford a ship as big as the Titanic an to himself. Walt Disney was once so poor that()
A. he developed 3,000 theories
B. he couldn'tafford to buy a pair of shoes
C. he found himself an unsuccessfulman
D. they quitted
E. an innovation should work immediately
F. failure is the mother of success