题目内容
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guinea pig" is tested using a (31) tool. Measurements are taken (32) the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. (33) joints and stretched muscles cannot (34) as well, it has been found, (35) joints and muscles in their (36) positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great (37) of the new designs over the old.One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph (肌动描记器), (38) visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine (39) any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon (40) to base a new design. One (41) of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more (42) and safer to use than one with four legs.This work has (43) the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far (44) that. Dr. Tichauer’s first (45) is for the health of the tool user. With the (46) use of the same tool all day long on (47) lines and in other jobs, even light (48) work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. (49) , muscle fatigue is a serious safety (50) . （49）（）
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Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guinea pig" is tested using a (31) tool. Measurements are taken (32) the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. (33) joints and stretched muscles cannot (34) as well, it has been found, (35) joints and muscles in their (36) positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great (37) of the new designs over the old.One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph (肌动描记器), (38) visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine (39) any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon (40) to base a new design. One (41) of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more (42) and safer to use than one with four legs.This work has (43) the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far (44) that. Dr. Tichauer’s first (45) is for the health of the tool user. With the (46) use of the same tool all day long on (47) lines and in other jobs, even light (48) work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. (49) , muscle fatigue is a serious safety (50) . （44）（）
Federal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960’s when the Small Business Administration (SBA) began making federally guaranteed loans and government-sponsored management and technical assistance available to minority business enterprises. While this program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to form new businesses, the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations, and capital shortages led to high failure rates. Even 15 years after the program was implemented, minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economy’s total receipts.Recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate the development of the minority business sector by moving away from directly aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting large, growth-oriented minority firms through intermediary companies. In this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful and stable minority businesses by making use of government sponsored venture capital. The capital is used by a participating company to establish a Minority Enterprise Small Businesses that have potential to become future suppliers of customers of the sponsoring company.MESBICs (Minority Enterprise Small Businesses Intermediary Companies) are the result of the belief that providing established firms with easier access to relevant management techniques and more job-specific experience, as well as substantial amounts of capital, gives those firms a greater opportunity to develop sound business foundations than does simply making general management experience and small amounts of capital available. Further, since potential markets for the minority businesses already exist through the sponsoring companies, the minority businesses face considerably less risk in terms of location and market fluctuation. Following early financial and operating problems, sponsoring corporations began to capitalize MESBICs far above the legal minimum of $500,000 in order to generate sufficient income and to sustain the quality of management needed. MESBICs are now emerging as increasingly important financing sources for minority enterprises.Ironically, MESBIC staffs, which usually consist of Hispanic and Black professionals, tend to approach investments in minority firms more pragmatically than do many MESBIC directors, who are usually senior managers from sponsoring corporations. The latter often still think mainly in terms of the "social responsibility approach" and thus seem to prefer deals that are riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria would warrant. Such differences in viewpoint have produced uneasiness among many minority staff members, who feel that minority entrepreneurs and businesses should be judged by established business considerations. These staff members believe their point of view is closer to the original philosophy of MESBICs and they are concerned that, unless a more prudent course is followed, MESBIC directors may revert to policies likely to re-create the disappointing results of the original SBA approach. What do MESBIC staffs feel about the investments preferred by some MESBIC directors（）
I heard a knock at the door. I peered through the peephole, and there was my father. As I opened the door, Dad began talking although he seemed strangely out of breath, "The power is out all along the northern east coast. People are saying that something went wrong at Niagara Falls. A power line must have failed."I was astounded. Power lineI was getting on the elevator, and the door wouldn’t close. I got irritated with it and finally climbed down to the lobby—all nine stories—to find out what the matter was. That was just like Dad to get angry at something that didn’t work.All of a sudden, we heard people shouting from outside. Dad opened up the window. "Wow, look out there!" Intrigued, I opened another window and looked out. The street was packed with cars whose drivers didn’t know when or where to go. Policemen filled the streets trying to mollify the pandemonium. Right across the road, workers, who had been trapped on the eleventh floor while building, attempted to cling to railing and climb down to safety. Peoples’ interrogating and raucous shouts filled the hot August air.I realized my father was speaking, "We can’t stay up here. With no power, there will be no emergency services. If the building caught on fire, we’d be trapped. Let’s go and I’I1 try to call Morn." He grabbed some cash and the cell phone. I followed him in the fatiguing trip down the stairs to the lobby. Why couldn’t we have gotten a room on the first floorI took a small couch and sat down. The stifling hotel lobby was full of people. Some were hoping to get a room; others had returned to the hotel because their flights had been canceled. Many attempted to contact family or friends on cell phones. I relaxed on the couch, noticing the only light in the room was from the few sunrays that managed to enter through the windows. Restless, Dad left to wander around Times Square. He could never sit around without being occupied.After what seemed like hours, Dad finally returned. 1 let him sit on the couch while I tried to cool down on the marble floor. The sun had set, and the room was dark, illuminated only by two small candles that tossed shadows upon the wall.I lay down on the floor and tried to nap. The surface was very hard, but it was nice and cool. I drifted off to sleep only to awaken immediately. At first this had been an exciting adventure, but now I just wished the electricity would come back on so we would be able to go back to our room. I lay there with my eyes closed, unable to sleep, listening to people nearby as they talked. I must have finally fallen asleep though, for I woke up and asked Dad what time it was."Eight. The lights are on two blocks down from us. The power should come back on pretty soon." He paused, a look of reverie on his thee, "You know, last night I was able to see the stars over Times Square. I wonder how long it’s been since somebody was able to see that.\ How did the author feel about the power failure at first（）
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