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Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.
乙题：文书写作 2004年8月1日22时40分，被告人甲驾驶一辆捷达出租车，在X X宾馆附近搭载乙 (1988年9月14日出生)和丙。当车行至旺德府建材超市旁时，乙要求甲将车停靠在旺德府超市后面的铁门边，当车尚未停稳时，乙持一把长约20公分的水果刀与丙对甲实施抢劫，从其身上搜走现金200元和一部TCL2188手机。两人拔下车钥匙下车后，乙将车钥匙丢在汽车左前轮旁的地上，与丙朝车尾方向逃跑。甲拾回钥匙上车将车左前门反锁并发动汽车，准备追赶乙与丙，因两人已不知去向，甲便沿着其停车处左侧房子绕了一圈寻找两人。当车行至市场D1—40号门前的三角坪时，甲发现乙与丙正搭乘一辆从事营运的摩托车欲离开，便驾车朝摩托车车前轮撞去，摩托车倒地后乙与丙下车往市场的布艺城方向逃跑。甲又继续驾车追赶，乙拿出刀边跑边持刀回头朝甲挥舞。当车追至与两人并排时，丙朝另一方向逃跑乙则跑到旺德府超市西北方向转角处由矮铁柱围成的空坪内，甲追至距离乙 2米处围栏外停车与其相持，大约十秒钟后，乙又向距围栏几米处的布艺城西头楼梯台阶方向跑，甲迅速驾车从后撞击乙将其撞倒在楼梯台阶处，乙倒地死亡。随后，甲拨打“110”报警，并向公安机关交代了案发经过。经法医鉴定，乙系因巨大钝性外力作用导致肝、脾、肺等多器官裂伤引起失血性休克死亡。 请根据上述案情撰写一份法律文书。 提示：文书中涉及的当事人自然情况、司法机关名称、证据种类和名称等相关事项可自行编撰，但不得署考生本人姓名，否则本卷不得分。 答题要求： 1．文书种类的选择符合选定的身份，符合法律规定，格式规范，应具备的事项齐全； 2．请求或答辩事项清楚，事实、依据论证充分，或者作出的处理合法有据，定性准确； 3．文字简练通畅，无语法错误和错别字。
Questions 16～20 Marjorie McMillan, head of radiology at a veterinary hospital, found out by reading a letter to the editor in her local newspaper. Pamela Goodwin, a labor-relations expert at General Motors, happened to see a computer printout. Stephanie Odle, an assistant manager at a Sam’s Club store, was slipped a co-worker’s tax form Purely by accident, these women learned they were making less than their male or, in Goodwin’s case, white colleagues at work. Each sued for pay discrimination under federal law, lucky enough to discover what typically stays a secret. "People don’t just stand around the watercooler to talk about how much they make," says McMillan. This, as they say, is the real world, one in which people would rather discuss their sex lives than salaries. And about a third of private employers actually prohibit employees from sharing pay information. It is also a world that the U. S. Supreme Court seems unfamiliar with. The Justices recently decided 5 to 4 that workers are out of luck if they file a complaint under Title Ⅶ—the main federal antidiscrimination law—more than 180 days after their salary is set. That’s six measly months to find out what your co-workers are making so that you can tell whether you’re getting chiseled because of your sex, race, religion or national origin. How many of the roughly 2,800 such complaints pending before the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission will fizzle because of this new rule is hard to say. Less of a mystery, though just as troubling, is how the court reached its decision. Lilly Ledbetter filed the case against Goodyear Tire ＆ Rubber Co. because at the end of a 19-year career, she was making far less than any of 15 men at her level She argued that Goodyear violated Title Ⅶ every time it gave her a smaller paycheck. Her complaint was timely, she said, because she filed it within 180 days of her last check. But the court majority read the statute to mean that only an actual decision to pay Ledbetter less could be illegal, and that happened well outside the 180-day period. A statute’s ambiguous wording is fair game, but why read it to frustrate Title Ⅶ’s purpose: to ease pay discrimination in a nation where women make only 77￠ on average for every $1 that men earn And while employers might like this decision, they could end up choking on the torrent of lawsuits that might now come their way. "The real message is that if you have any inkling that you are being paid differently, you need to file now, before the 180 days are up," says Michael Foreman of the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights. All this sounds familiar. In June 1989, the Supreme Court issued three decisions that sharply limited the right to sue over employment discrimination. A day after the most prominent ruling, in Wards Cove v. Atonio, Senator Howard Metzenbaum (D., Ohio) declared that he would introduce a bill to overturn the decisions. It took civil rights advocates and their congressional allies eight months to introduce legislation. President George H. W. Bush vetoed the first version, arguing that it would encourage hiring quotas. Finally, in late 1991, the Democratic Congress and the Republican President reached a compromise fashioned by Senators John Danforth (R., Mo.) and Edward Kennedy (D., Mass.). It became the Civil Rights Act of 1991 and overturned parts of eight high-court decisions. Now, Foreman and others are working on a bill to overturn the Ledbetter case, and Senators Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama, among others, have expressed interest. A Democratic Congress may well cooperate, though with a Republican again in the White House, final legislation before next year’s elections isn’t guaranteed. In any event, we probably won’t see the kind of groundswell that shifted the law toward workers in 1991 because civil rights advocates aren’t sure these Justices are a threat to workers’ rights. Last June, for example, they made it harder for employers to retaliate against employees who complain of discrimination. That left the Ledbetter ruling looking particularly clueless. "I heard the decision and thought, what is wrong with this court" says McMillan. "It just doesn’t live in the real world. \ The author mentions Lilly Ledbetter’s case to show that ______.
Questions 11～15 It has been a lousy few years for much of the media, and 2008 has offered no respite. But to quote the hideous’70s band Bachman Turner Overdrive, b-b-b-baby, you just ain’t see n-n-nothing yet. Because on top of the wrenching change affecting essentially every non-online media, here comes a very scary-looking economic downturn. Think of the recession, says Barclays analyst Anthony DiClemente, "as a vine growing up a wall. Except instead of a healthy vine, like at Wrigley [Field], it’s like—’feed me, Seymour’— from The Little Shop of Horrors. " Forgive the surfeit of pop-culture jokes. I’m only trying to inject levity into an extremely grim picture. According to ad tracker TNS Media Intelligence, which provided all such figures for this column, automotive and financial services were the No. 1 and No. 3 U. S. ad categories last year. We all know what happened to the latter in recent months. In 2007, Merrill Lynch, Lehman Brothers, Bear Stearns, and Washington Mutual spent $ 213.1 million on advertising. Even if those companies’ new owners spend something to reassure old customers, you’re likely looking at a nine- figure sum sucked out of the ad marketplace by those guys alone. And when major carmakers report sales drops of 30%, boffo ad buys do not follow. Ford Motor’s ad spending was down over 31% for the first half of this year. Car sales’ slide has accelerated since. In case you’re wondering, the No.2 ad category was retail, which is now under severe pressure as consumers spend less. The consequences of all this contraction are readily apparent when you talk to key media executives. Magazines sell ads long before they appear, and advertisers already are making noises about cutting back in the first half of 2009, says one senior executive in that industry. "Everyone says they are going to keep advertising in a downturn," says another executive, who has run major sales organizations in different media. "But not everyone actually does it. That’s just the reality of having to report earnings and profits." And while the wealthiest consumer may remain relatively untouched, those who have recently traded up to high-end products may slam the brakes on such consumption, raising chances that luxury advertisers will be affected, too. Food looks more likely to stay stable. One mordant TV executive puts it this way. "The auto industry is out. And Campbell’s Soup is in. " How the dollars flow—or rather don’t flow—in any downturn can shape events in ways obscured until much later. As strange as it sounds today, the tech bust that started in 2000 meant that total dollars spent on online display advertising declined 21% between 2001 and 2002. And as strange as it sounds today, many established media organizations used that decline as a rationale for deemphasizing the Web in favor of their traditional businesses—and underinvestment allowed all manner of Web-only startups to outflank them in the one medium that’s still growing. While online display ads will still be up in ’09, says BMO Capital Markets analyst Leland Westerfield, that growth rate will likely slow. Look for search advertising to hold up, so Google should be hurt the least. Elsewhere, Barclay’s DiClemente suggests, the slowdown’s effects will move up a media ladder of sorts, starting with newspapers, magazines, radio, local TV, and then hitting broadcast and—possibly—cable TV. There’s a "high probability," he says, that the "advertising malaise spreads to network TV"—the one long-running medium that’s held steadiest as others have fallen off. DiClemente is forecasting a 5.5% pullback in ad spending next year, with only Web and cable TV posting ad upticks. It may be hard to conjure a scenario worse than today’s, given what radio, local TV, and newspapers are currently experiencing. This has been a year, in which many unthinkable things have happened—newspaper executives, for instance, mulling which days of the week they won’t publish. But the coming downturn means that what once was unthinkable ... well, you better start thinking it. Why does the author begin the article with ’70s band Bachman Turner Overdrive
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