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甲公司与乙公司约定，由甲公司向乙公司交付1吨药材，乙公司付款100万元。乙公司将药材转卖给丙公司，并约定由甲公司向丙公司交付，丙公司收货后3日内应向乙支付价款120万元。 张某以自有汽车为乙公司的债权提供抵押担保，未办理抵押登记。抵押合同约定：“在丙公司不付款时，乙公司有权就出卖该汽车的价款清偿自己的债权。”李某为这笔货款出具担保函：“在丙公司不付款时，由李某承担保证责任”。丙公司收到药材后未依约向乙公司支付120万元，乙公司向张某主张实现抵押权，同时要求李某承担保证责任。 张某见状，便将其汽车赠与刘某。刘某将该汽车作为出资，与钱某设立丁酒店有限责任公司，并办理完出资手续。 丁公司员工方某驾驶该车接送酒店客人时，为躲避一辆逆行摩托车，将行人赵某撞伤。方某自行决定以丁公司名义将该车放在戊公司维修，为获得维修费的八折优惠，方某以其名义在与戊公司相关的庚公司为该车购买一套全新坐垫。汽车修好后，方某将车取走交丁公司投入运营。戊公司要求丁公司支付维修费，否则对汽车行使留置权，丁公司回函请宽限一周。庚公司要求丁公司支付坐垫费，丁公司拒绝。请回答第(1)—(6)题。 关于乙公司要求担保人承担责任，下列表述正确的是：
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Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast various places on the earth. But they also (51) beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a whole. The English word geography means "to describe the earth. " (52) geography books focus on a small area like a town or city. Others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an (53) continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another (54) to divide the study of geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the (55) starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act (56) each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, (57) branch can neglect the other. A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the (58) between places. If all places (59) alike, there would be little need for geographers. We know, however, that no two places are exactly the same. Geography, (60) is a point of view, a special way of looking at place.
Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast various places on the earth. But they also (51) beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a whole. The English word geography means "to describe the earth. " (52) geography books focus on a small area like a town or city. Others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an (53) continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another (54) to divide the study of geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the (55) starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act (56) each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, (57) branch can neglect the other. A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the (58) between places. If all places (59) alike, there would be little need for geographers. We know, however, that no two places are exactly the same. Geography, (60) is a point of view, a special way of looking at place.
Passage Four In considering how the American family is changing, the starting point is the traditional family, a form which has developed over time on the basis of a number of assumptions. It is assumed that the family is heterosexual (异性的) institution, with prescriptions about how a man and a woman ought to be joined together and live together. The proper family form is assumed to be the nuclear family, that is, a family composed of a married man and woman and their children. It is assumed that the husband is the head of the family, with ultimate authority over wife and children, and that in their clearly separated roles the husband is the income-earner and the wife is the homemaker and provider of child care. It is assumed that the family lives by itself in its own house or residence. Observers of family life have suggested that numerous changes are taking place in this traditional American family form. Included are the following general observations about trends. More men and women seem to be living together before getting married. Women and men seem to be marrying at a later age. Married couples are having fewer children. Unmarried women appear to be having more children. Wives, even mothers with small children, are increasingly likely to be employed outside the home. Marriages are more likely to end with divorce. Single-parent families are more prevalent. Remarriage is likely to follow divorce rather than widowhood. Remarriage rates are declining, especially for women. Some trends, viewed in a long-range historical context, appear not to be trends at all. The age at which men and women normally marry is the same now as it was 100 years ago, though it has fluctuated (变动，波动); a short-range increase in the 1940s and 1950s due to widespread postponement of marriage in war time made it appear that a change had occurred. Other trends appear to be following established patterns rather than representing a sharp break with tradition. Divorce rates have been increasing and families have been having fewer children for well over a century. Single-parent families and stepfamilies were very common in the past, although the reason for them was different. Many marriages formerly are dissolved and followed by remarriage because of the death of a parent or partner. Today single parenthood and remarriage are more likely to be a response to divorce. Some social scientists see in these changes the breakdown of the family, to the detriment of the society. We take the position that family institutions and systems, like all human systems, are open, take many forms, and are constantly changing. The author holds the position that family institutions and systems are ______ .
What Are Tropical Storms Severe storms spawned in the tropics are known by different names in different parts of the world: hurricanes in the Atlantic and east Pacific and typhoons in the northwest Pacific and cyclones in the southwest Pacific and Indian Ocean. These storms originate over tropical waters, close to the equator. If the atmosphere is calm and the water is warmer than about 27°C, evaporation forces large amounts of moisture into the air, creating a low pressure system. When this water vapor condenses, it releases heat that powers the circular winds that characterize these storms. Rainfall in the developing storm releases more heat, triggering a convection process that pulls more moisture-laden air up through the centre of the system. The storm grows via this feedback mechanism. The strongest winds are found immediately outside the centre, or "eye," of the hurricane at ground level. Every one of these systems begins as a tropical depression -- a system of thunder storms with an overall circular motion and maximum sustained winds less than 62 km/h. When a storm becomes severe enough and the winds pick up to more than 62 km/h, it is designated a tropical storm, When the winds reach 119 km/h, the system is called a hurricane, typhoon or cyclone. An average of 10 tropical storms develop over the Atlantic Ocean each year, of which about six become severe enough to be called hurricanes. Besides strong winds and heavy rain, these hurricanes also create a "storm surge," a massive wave beneath the centre of the storm. In the eye of the hurricane, air is sucked upward faster than it can rush in at the bottom. This lowers the atmospheric pressure under the eye of the storm; as a result, the eye tries to pull at the ocean itself, creating a bulge of water as much as six metres high that moves together with the storm.When is the hurricane season Hurricane season officially runs from June 1 to November 30, but the most intense storms mainly occur between mid-August and mid-October.How are hurricanes classified Tropical storms that get strong enough to be classified as hurricanes are categorized by the intensity of their wind speeds using the Saffir-Simpson scale. Only three Category 5 hurricanes have made landfall in the U.S. in the past century one that struck the Florida Keys in 1935, Hurricane Camille in 1969, and Hurricane Andrew in 1992.How are tropical storms named A tropical storm is given a name if its winds reach a speed of 62 kilometres per hour. An international committee has drawn up a list of 126 names-half male and half female which are repeated after a six-year cycle. However, if a hurricane causes extensive dam age, its name is retired from use. So far, more than 50 names have been retired, from Hazel in 1954 to Juan in 2003.Memorable hurricanes In August and September 1992, Hurricane Andrew wrought havoc across the Caribbean and Florida. Andrew was an unusual storm-after brewing for several days at low latitudes, it weakened and nearly vanished about 600 km east of Puerto Rico. But the storm regained its strength and moved northward with devastating results. Andrew left 17,000 people homeless in Florida alone and destroyed or badly damaged 85,000 homes. The storm caused a record $ 26. S billion US in property damage. In 2002 Andrew, initially classified a Force 4, was upgraded to have actually been a Force 5 storm. ●In November 1998, Hurricane Mitch tore through Central America, killing as many as 10,000 people and leaving two million homeless in Nicaragua and Honduras. The storm’’s 300 km/h winds and heavy rains caused more than $ 3 billion US in damage more than half the combined gross domestic product of those two countries. Mitch also unleashed deadly landslides, and caused the worst flooding in the region in 200 years. In the storm’’s wake, with roads and infrastructure wiped out, thousands of people developed illnesses such as dengue fever, cholera and malaria. ●Hurricane Hugo swept across the Caribbean and the southeast U.S. in September 1989, leaving a 3,700-kilometre-long trail of destruction from Guadeloupe to the Carolinas. The storm killed at. least 28 people in the Caribbean, left up to 80,000 homeless and caused $ 2 billion US in damage. In the U. S. , it killed another 11 people and caused more than $ 750 million in damage. The storm sent giant waves crashing onto the U. S. Eastern Seaboard, with a wall of water some five metres in height washing over Charleston, S.C. ●In September 1996, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, felt the wrath of Hurricane Hortense. The storm brought 120 km/h winds and caused $ 3 million in damages, mostly due to flooding, wind damage and power outages. ● For Ontarians old enough to remember it, Hurricane Hazel was the storm of a life time-and one of the few to inflict significant damage in central Canada. Hurricane Hazel formed in early October 1954 and crossed the Caribbean and the eastern U. S. before entering southern Ontario. The storm left as many as 1,000 dead in Haiti, six more in the Bahamas, another 95 in the U.S. and 81 in the Toronto region Tropical storms and global climate trends While tropical storms seem to follow certain natural cycles, scientists are concerned about the effects of global warming and tong-term climate change. On Sept. 15, 1999, the United Nations issued a report predicting that global warming will cause more frequent and more severe tropical storms, floods and tornadoes in the coming century. "We do know that hurricane intensity is directly correlated to how warm the ocean waters are," says Petersen "And if global warming continues to occur, and this results in warmer water temperatures, then we’’ll see an undeniable signal of stronger hurricanes." A ________ is a body of water pulled upwards in the centre of a hurricane.
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