①羊祜,字叔子,泰山南城人也。博学能属文,美须眉,善谈论。郡将夏侯威异之,以兄霸之子妻之。举上计吏,州四辟从事,皆不就。夏侯霸之降蜀也,姻亲多告绝,祜独安其室,恩礼有加焉。②帝将有灭吴之志,以祜为都督荆州诸军事,镇南夏,甚得江汉之心,吴石城守去襄阳七百余里,每为边害,祜患之,竟以诡计①令吴罢守。于是戍逻减半,分以垦田八百余顷,大获其利。在军常轻裘缓带,身不被甲,铃阁以下,侍卫不过十数人,而颇以渔畋废政。尝欲夜出,军司徐胤执綮当营门曰:“将军都督万里,安可轻脱!将军之安危,亦国家之安危也。胤今日若死,此门乃开耳!”祜改容谢之,此后稀出矣。③每与吴人交兵,克日方战,不为掩袭之计。将帅有欲进谲诈之策者,辄饮以醇酒,使不得言。吴将邓香掠夏口,祜募生缚香,既至,宥之。香感其恩甚,率部曲而降。祜出军行吴境,刈谷为粮,皆计所侵,送绢偿之,每会众江涡游猎,常止晋地,若禽兽先为吴人所伤而为晋兵所得者,皆封还之,于是吴人翁然悦服。称为“羊岱”,不之名也。祜与陆抗相对,使命交通,抗称祜之德量,虽乐毅,诸葛孔明不能过也。抗常病,祜馈之药。抗服之无疑心,人多谏抗,抗曰:“羊祜岂鸩人者?”④祜女夫尝劝祜有所营置,令有归载者,祜黯然不应,遂告诸子曰:“人臣树私则背公,是大惑也,汝宜识吾此意。”(节选自《晋书·羊祜传》)【注】①诡计:奇计。 下列句中加点词意义和用法都相同的一项是()。
A. 胤今日若死,此门乃乃开耳今君乃亡赵走燕
B. 称为“羊公”,不之名也名读之不知,惑之不解
C. 枯女夫尝劝枯有所营置视成所蓄,掩口胡卢而笑
D. 人臣树私则背公及诸河,则在舟中矣
A“Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?”Lindsey whipers to Tori.With her eyes shining,tori brags,“You bet I did,Sean told me two days ago.”Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?It just happened to be yours truly,Adam Freedmam,I can tell you that what that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still,Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton Higt School,including me.Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话)。I have noticed three effects of gossip:it can hurt people,it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction,and it can cause social pressures in a group.An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually,gossip spreads information about a topic-breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out-that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is,the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People ofen think of gossipers as harmless,but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that gossip can be harmful,then why do so many of us do it?Tht answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly,hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”In other words,gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).Gossip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said,then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,thing about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story”might have. The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passahe to().
A. introduce a topic
B. present an argument
C. describe the characters
D. clarify his writing purpose