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Robots May Allow Surgery in Space Small robots designed by University of Nebraska researchers may allow doctors on Earth to help perform surgery on patients in space. The tiny,wheeled robots,（51）are about 3 inches tall and as wide as a lipstick case,can be slipped into small incisions(切口)and computer-controlled by surgeons in different locations.Some robots are equipped（52）cameras and lights and can send images back to surgeons and others have surgical tools attached that can be（53）remotely. “We think this is going to （54）open surgery,”Dr Dmitry Oleynikov said at a news conference.Oleynikov is a （55）in computer-assisted surgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. Officials hope that NASA will teach（56）to use the robots soon enough so that surgeries could one day be performed in space. On earth,the surgeons could control the robots themselves（57）other locations.For example,the robots could enable surgeons in other places to （58）on injured soldiers on the front line.Researchers plan tp seek federal regulatory（59）early nest year.Tests on animals have been successful,and tests on humans in England will begin very soon. The camera-carrying robots can provide（60）of affected areas and the ones with surgical tools will be able to maneuver(操控)inside the body in ways surgeons’ hands can’t.The views from the camera-carrying robots are （61）than the naked eye,because they（62）back color images that are magnified(放大).Because several robots can be inserted through one incision,they could reduce the amount and （63）of cuts needed for surgery,which would decrease recovery time.This is particularly（64）to those patients who have been debilitated(使虚弱)by long illness. Eventually,Oleynikov said,the tiny robots may enable surgeons to work without ever（65）their hands in patients’ bodies.“That’s the goal,”Oleynikov said.“It’s getting easier and easier.We can do even more with these devices.”
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第二篇A Very Slow Ride The surface of the earth may seem very stable to you.But you might be amazed if you knew some of the things that are going on under that surface. The earth has an outer shell of rigid pieces called tectonic plates (地壳构造板块).The plates include both ocean floor and dry land.Some have whole continents on top of them.The continents on top of the plates are just going along for a slow ride,moving only about four inches per year.But even this small movement causes three types of big interactions. One type is ocean ridges.These ridges develop in places where two plates are moving away from each other.As the plates separate,hot magma(岩浆)flows up to fill the space.New crust(地壳)builds up on the plate boundaries and causes ocean ridges.These ridges form long mountain ranges,which only rise above the ocean surface in a few places. Another type of reaction-trenches-occurs between two plates that are moving toward each other.As the plates meet,one bends downward and plunges undemeath the other.This forms deep ocean trenches.The Marianas Trench off Guam in the western Pacific Ocean has a depth of more than 36,000 feet.This is the lowest point on the ocean floor.If the leading edges of the two colliding plates carry continents,then the layers of rock in the overriding plate crumple(变皱)and fold.A plate that carried what is now lndia collided with the southern edge of the plate that carried Europe and most of Asia.This caused the Himalayas,the world’s highest mountains. The third reaction is transform faults(转换断层).These faults occur where two plates that are traveling in opposite directions slide past each other.Severe earthquakes can occur.The San Andreas Fault in Califomia is a good example of this type of movement. To explain the effect of trenches,the writer gives the example of
第二篇A Very Slow Ride The surface of the earth may seem very stable to you.But you might be amazed if you knew some of the things that are going on under that surface. The earth has an outer shell of rigid pieces called tectonic plates (地壳构造板块).The plates include both ocean floor and dry land.Some have whole continents on top of them.The continents on top of the plates are just going along for a slow ride,moving only about four inches per year.But even this small movement causes three types of big interactions. One type is ocean ridges.These ridges develop in places where two plates are moving away from each other.As the plates separate,hot magma(岩浆)flows up to fill the space.New crust(地壳)builds up on the plate boundaries and causes ocean ridges.These ridges form long mountain ranges,which only rise above the ocean surface in a few places. Another type of reaction-trenches-occurs between two plates that are moving toward each other.As the plates meet,one bends downward and plunges undemeath the other.This forms deep ocean trenches.The Marianas Trench off Guam in the western Pacific Ocean has a depth of more than 36,000 feet.This is the lowest point on the ocean floor.If the leading edges of the two colliding plates carry continents,then the layers of rock in the overriding plate crumple(变皱)and fold.A plate that carried what is now lndia collided with the southern edge of the plate that carried Europe and most of Asia.This caused the Himalayas,the world’s highest mountains. The third reaction is transform faults(转换断层).These faults occur where two plates that are traveling in opposite directions slide past each other.Severe earthquakes can occur.The San Andreas Fault in Califomia is a good example of this type of movement. According to the passage,the earth is
（三）背景资料某施工总承包单位承担一项建筑基坑工程的施工。基坑开挖深度12m，基坑南侧距坑边6m 处有一栋6 层住宅楼。基坑土质状况从地面向下依次为：杂填土0～2m，粉质土2～5m，砂质土15～10m，粘性土哟10 ～12m，砂质土12～18m。上层滞水水位在地表以下5m（渗透系数为0.5m／d）,地表下18m 以内无承压水。基坑支护设计采用灌注桩加锚杆。施工前，建设单位为节约投资，指示更改设计，除南侧外其余三面均采用土钉墙支护，垂直开挖：基坑在开挖过程中北侧支护出现较大变形，但一直未被发现，最终导致北侧支护部分坍塌。事故调查中发现：（1）施工总承包单位对本工程作了重大危险源分析，确认南侧毗邻建筑物、临边防护、上下通道的安全为重大危险源，并制订了相应的措施，但未审批。（2）施工总承包单位有健全的安全制度文件。（3）施工过程中元任何安全检查记录、交底记录及培训教育记录等其他记录资料。问题 本工程基坑最小降水深度应为多少？降水宜采用何种方式？
第二篇A Very Slow Ride The surface of the earth may seem very stable to you.But you might be amazed if you knew some of the things that are going on under that surface. The earth has an outer shell of rigid pieces called tectonic plates (地壳构造板块).The plates include both ocean floor and dry land.Some have whole continents on top of them.The continents on top of the plates are just going along for a slow ride,moving only about four inches per year.But even this small movement causes three types of big interactions. One type is ocean ridges.These ridges develop in places where two plates are moving away from each other.As the plates separate,hot magma(岩浆)flows up to fill the space.New crust(地壳)builds up on the plate boundaries and causes ocean ridges.These ridges form long mountain ranges,which only rise above the ocean surface in a few places. Another type of reaction-trenches-occurs between two plates that are moving toward each other.As the plates meet,one bends downward and plunges undemeath the other.This forms deep ocean trenches.The Marianas Trench off Guam in the western Pacific Ocean has a depth of more than 36,000 feet.This is the lowest point on the ocean floor.If the leading edges of the two colliding plates carry continents,then the layers of rock in the overriding plate crumple(变皱)and fold.A plate that carried what is now lndia collided with the southern edge of the plate that carried Europe and most of Asia.This caused the Himalayas,the world’s highest mountains. The third reaction is transform faults(转换断层).These faults occur where two plates that are traveling in opposite directions slide past each other.Severe earthquakes can occur.The San Andreas Fault in Califomia is a good example of this type of movement. This passage is mostly about
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