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Major life changes may play a role in as many as a quarter of chronic daily headache cases that arise among otherwise healthy adult men and women, study findings suggest. "Major life events may precipitate or co-occur with the development of chronic daily headaches," Dr. Ann I. Scher said. Major life changes literally shake up our world, and invite or pressure us to interact with life in new ways. To grow, we need to change our belief systems to allow for new levels of thinking and performance. Scher, of Uniformed Services University, in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues assessed re ports of major life changes among 206 men and women who met criteria for chronic daily headache (180 or more headache days per year). They assessed similar reports from 507 men and women with "episodic" headache (2 to 104 headache days per year). The investigators assessed changes in work, marital status, children’s status, or residence; as well as deaths of family or close friends. They also inquired about self-defined "extremely stressful situations," such as financial problems, an ongoing individual illness or that of a family member, or an ongoing abusive relationship. Compared with men and women with episodic headache, men and women with chronic daily headache were more likely to have experienced major life events in the 2-year period prior to the onset of their headache condition, the researchers report in the medical journal Cephalalgia. The strongest predictor of chronic daily headache was an ongoing extremely stressful situation. The researchers also noted a higher proportion of chronic daily headache among people 40 years and older. In this group, "a change in work status was related to increased risk for chronic daily headache, while in contrast, those younger than 40 years showed a decreased risk for chronic daily headache after a job change," Scher told Reuters Health. These findings are generally consistent with prior research related to other chronic pain conditions, the investigators note. "Our finding that the relationship may be stronger for those older than 40 was an interesting, but secondary, finding that should be replicated in other samples," Scher said. What is the most important difference between those with chronic daily headache and with episodic headache
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Major life changes may play a role in as many as a quarter of chronic daily headache cases that arise among otherwise healthy adult men and women, study findings suggest. "Major life events may precipitate or co-occur with the development of chronic daily headaches," Dr. Ann I. Scher said. Major life changes literally shake up our world, and invite or pressure us to interact with life in new ways. To grow, we need to change our belief systems to allow for new levels of thinking and performance. Scher, of Uniformed Services University, in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues assessed re ports of major life changes among 206 men and women who met criteria for chronic daily headache (180 or more headache days per year). They assessed similar reports from 507 men and women with "episodic" headache (2 to 104 headache days per year). The investigators assessed changes in work, marital status, children’s status, or residence; as well as deaths of family or close friends. They also inquired about self-defined "extremely stressful situations," such as financial problems, an ongoing individual illness or that of a family member, or an ongoing abusive relationship. Compared with men and women with episodic headache, men and women with chronic daily headache were more likely to have experienced major life events in the 2-year period prior to the onset of their headache condition, the researchers report in the medical journal Cephalalgia. The strongest predictor of chronic daily headache was an ongoing extremely stressful situation. The researchers also noted a higher proportion of chronic daily headache among people 40 years and older. In this group, "a change in work status was related to increased risk for chronic daily headache, while in contrast, those younger than 40 years showed a decreased risk for chronic daily headache after a job change," Scher told Reuters Health. These findings are generally consistent with prior research related to other chronic pain conditions, the investigators note. "Our finding that the relationship may be stronger for those older than 40 was an interesting, but secondary, finding that should be replicated in other samples," Scher said. What does the word "precipitate" most probably mean
Love is probably the best antidepressant there is because one of the most common sources of depression is feeling unloved. Most depressed people don’t love themselves and they do not feel loved by others. They also are very self-focused, making them less attractive to others and depriving them of opportunities to learn the skills of love. There is a mythology in our culture that love just happens. As a result, the depressed often sit around passively waiting for someone to love them. But love doesn’t work that way. To get love and keep love you have to go out and be active and learn a variety of specific skills. Most of us get our ideas of love from popular culture. We come to believe that love is something that sweeps us off our feet. But the pop-culture ideal of love consists of unrealistic images created for entertainment, which is one reason so many of us are set up to be depressed. It’s part of our national vulnerability, like eating junk food, constantly stimulated by images of instant gratification. We think it is love when it’s simply distraction and infatuation. One consequence is that when we hit real love we become upset and disappointed because there are many things that do not fit the cultural ideal. Limerance is the psychological state of deep infatuation. It feels good but rarely lasts. Limerance is that first stage of mad attraction whereby all the hormones are flowing and things feel so right. Limerance lasts, on average, six months. It can progress to love. Love mostly starts out as limerance, but limerance doesn’t always evolve into love. Love is a learned skill, not something that comes from hormones or emotion particularly. Erich Fromm called it "an act of will. " If you don’t learn the skills of love you virtually guarantee that you will be depressed, not only because you will not be connected enough, but because you will have many failure experiences. There are always core differences between two people, no matter how good or close you are, and if the relationship is going right those differences surface. The issue then is to identify the differences and negotiate them so that they don’t distance you or kill the relationship. You do that by understanding where the other person is coming from, who that person is, and by being able to represent yourself. When the differences are known you must be able to negotiate and compromise on them until you find a common ground that works for both. The mythology that "love just happens" means that______.
电子制造服务(EMS)提供商弗莱克斯特罗尼克斯国际公司两年前便面临着一个既充满机遇又充满挑战的市场环境。弗莱克斯特罗尼克斯公司面临的境遇不是罕见的。事实上，许多其他行业的公司都在它们的供应链中面临着同样的问题。很多岌岌可危的问题存在于供应链的方方面面——采购、制造、分销、物流、设计、融资等。 供应链绩效控制的传统方法 惠普、3COM、诺基亚等高科技原始设备制造商(OEM)出现的外包趋势，来自电子制造服务业的订单却在减少，同时，弗莱克斯特罗尼克斯受到来自制造成本和直接材料成本大幅度缩减的压力。供应链绩效控制变得日益重要起来。 弗莱克斯特罗尼克斯使用了供应链绩效管理的方法，使它能确认邮政汇票的异常情况，了解根本原因和潜在的选择，采取行动更换供应商、缩减过度成本、利用谈判的力量。绩效管理的方法包括实施基于Web的软件系统加速供应链绩效管理的周期。弗莱克斯特罗尼克斯在8个月的“实施存活期”中节约了几百亿美元，最终在第一年产生了巨大的投资回报。供应链绩效管理周期使弗莱克斯特罗尼克斯获得这样的结果。 弗莱克斯特罗尼克斯实施供应链绩效管理带给业界很多启示：供应链绩效管理有许多基本的原则，可以避免传统方法的缺陷；交叉性功能平衡指标是必要的，但不是充分的。供应链绩效管理应该是一个周期，它包括确定问题、明确根本原因、以正确的行动对问题做出反应、连续确认处于风险中的数据、流程和行动。 供应链评价体系建立的步骤是什么
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