题目内容
Queuing is nothing special in Japan. Every day, television programs show long lines of people queuing for up to one hour even in front of regular noodle shops, only to finish their food within less than ten minutes.Why Japanese people queue so often Do they love it Probably they do. According to Japanese people, just like an excessively high price can evoke an image of equally high quality, long waiting lines act as an indicator for popularity, reduce availability and increase the subjective value of a good. Thus, for many Japanese customers, waiting lines are probably the most effective advertisement. For example, in an article published in The Japan Times in summer 2007, a Japanese woman confessed that she enjoyed queuing outside shops and restaurants and that she usually joined the line before asking the person in front of her what kind of product was sold. Standing in line also increases and extends anticipation until—yatto! (finally!)—patience is rewarded with the desired product. But when taken to an extreme level, the product one is actually queuing for ceases to be of any importance at all.There are also some customers who are unable to queue or who are unwilling to wait, thinking it’s a waste of time queuing in a line. What could they do They can rent a queuer who will stand in line and purchase the desired product for them. Obviously, this service is not free of charge. Some service companies who offer all kinds of unusual service provide rentable "queuers" . What’s more, in addition to providing queuers to individuals, the service companies also provide queuers to some shops to increase the image of a hard-to-get product and make customers want to join the line by forming or extending lines. Therefore, waiting lines have become a marketing tool and it would not be surprising to find professional queuers in a line. Some people view it a pure speculation, but they can’t deny that it really works and the wage of a few professional queuers to keep the line in shape would be a minor investment compared with what would happen if the queue suddenly disappeared.However, success is not always guaranteed because the attractiveness of waiting in line can easily backfire if the desired product does not meet expectations. Which of the following is true according to the text().
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As of 2001, the estimated total market value of organic products was estimated to be $20 billion. By 2002 this was $23 billion and by 2007 more than $ 46 billion according to Organic Monitor. In recent years both Europe and North America have experienced strong growth in organic farm land. However, this growth has occurred under different conditions. While the European Union has shifted agricultural subsidies to organic farmers due to environmental benefits, the United States has taken a free market ap proach. As a result, as of 2008, 4.1 percent of the European Union’s farm land was organically managed compared to just 0.6 percent of United States farmland. The growth of organic farmland area in the EU was 21% from 2005 to 2008 reaching a total of 7.8 million hectares. Statistics and Emergnig Trends 2009 lists the countries which had the most hectares in 2007. The country with the most organic land is Australia, with mote than 12 mil lion hectares, lollowed by Argentina, Brasil and the US. In total 32.2 mil lion hectares were under organic management in 2007. For 1999, 11 million hectares of organically managed land are reported, In recent years organic agriculture has grown greatly. Considering this rapid growth, it is within the nature of organic farming to keep it from becoming a large scale industrial business. As to organic food, two studies have found that children fed or ganic diets experienced significantly lower pesticide exposure than children fed conventional diets. Although the researchers did not collect health out come data in this study, they concluded "children whose diets consist of or ganic food items would have a lower probability of brain health risks". A 2007 study found that consumption of organic milk is associated with a de crease in risk for skin disease. What risk is lowered for children having organic food
Text 1Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologies—computers, telecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our Society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such innovations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly, altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think.The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their Strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge.But ironically, at the most knowledge-based entities—the colleges and universities—the pace of transformation has been relatively modest. Although research has been transformed by informa tion technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-education functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based paradigm. However, some major technology aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant change throughout academia.American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began during the 18th century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; academia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional.Higher education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university’s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providing students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information.The information society has greatly expanded the need for university-level education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation’s ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce. Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities in order to ().
According to Peter Salovey, Yale psychologist and author of the term EQ, IQ gets you hired and EQ gets you promoted.Salovey tells of a simple test. Some four-year-old kids were invited into a room and were given the following instruction: "You can have this marshmallow right now; or if you wait, you can have two marshmallows when I get back. " Then, the researcher left. Some kids grabbed for the treat as soon as the researcher was out the door, while Others waited for the researcher to return. By the time the kids reached high school, significant differences appeared between the two groups. The kids who held out for two marshmallows were better adjusted, more popular, more adventurous, more confident, and more dependable than kids in the quick gratification group. The latter group was also more likely to be lonely, more easily frustrated, more stubborn, more likely to buckle under stress, and more likely to shy away from challenges. When both groups took scholastic aptitude tests, the "hold out group" walloped the "quick gratification group" by 210 points (the test scores range from a minimum of 200 points to a maximum of 800, with an average for all students of 500 points).Researchers have been discussing whether it’s possible to raise a person’s IQ. Geneticists say No, while social scientists say Yes. But while brain power researchers continue the debate, social science re searchers have concluded that it’s possible to improve a person’s EQ, and in particular, a person’s "people skills, " such as empathy, graciousness, and the ability to "read" a social situation.According to the social scientists, there is little doubt that people without sufficient EQ will have a hard time surviving in life. EQ is perhaps best observed in people described as either pessimists or optimists. Optimistic people have high EQ and treat obstacles as minor, while the pessimistic people have low EQ and personalizes all setbacks. In social research circles, EQ denotes one’s ability to survive, and it’s here that there may be an overlap between EQ, IQ, genetics and environment. As to that, I am reminded of the words of Darwin, "The biggest, the smartest, and the strongest are not the survivors. Rather, the survivors are the most adaptable. " Those of us who survive and thrive in this complex world are not only the most adaptable, but also the most optimistic and the most likely to have a high EQ. The word "walloped" (Line 10, Paragraph 2 ) most probably means " ()" .
Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologies—computers, telecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our Society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such innovations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly, altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think.The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their Strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge.But ironically, at the most knowledge-based entities—the colleges and universities—the pace of transformation has been relatively modest. Although research has been transformed by informa tion technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-education functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based paradigm. However, some major technology aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant change throughout academia.American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began during the 18th century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; academia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional.Higher education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university’s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providing students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information.The information society has greatly expanded the need for university-level education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation’s ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce. Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies().
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