为什么人类在长距离跑方面要比跑得更快的四足动物更有耐力也许这是因为早期人类是炎热的非洲热带草原上的猎人。人类发展出了通过出汗散热的能力,而大多数哺乳动物只能靠喘气,这一功能在跑的时候很难调节。而且,四足动物必须采取一种速度能让它们在一步中间呼吸一次,否则,它的前足落地的撞击力将会阻碍深呼吸。人类可以改变每一步呼吸的次数,确定一种其猎物无法适应的速度,最终使之力竭。 以上对人类为何会发展为更好的长跑者的解释将受到最严重的削弱,如果表明:
A. 早期人类一般猎捕那些没有人类擅长长跑的动物。
B. 早期人类只是在非洲热带草原上进行狩猎的物种之一。
C. 早期人类狩猎主要是通过偷偷靠近并围成圈捕捉猎物来结伙狩猎。
D. 狩猎对于后来处在较寒冷气候中的人类与对早期非洲热带草原上的人类一样重要。
E. 今天的人类保持了长跑的能力,但不再通过追赶猎物来狩猎了。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 Permit me first to thank our Chinese hosts for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality. My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful. In the short period of six days, we have gone a longer distance than the Long March. We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world. More than eight years have passed since vice premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two great nations. Our hope and vision was to forge a Sino-American relationship which would contribute to world peace and the welfare of our two peoples. I personally looked upon the forging of firm Sino-American ties as a historically significant experiment. We faced the question in 1978,as to some extent we still do today: Can two nations as different as ours--yours one of the oldest civilizations on earth, mine one of the youngest; yours a socialist state and mine committed to capitalism; yours a developing country and mine a developed one--can two nations surmount and indeed draw upon these differences to build an unprecedented and distinctive relationship in world affairs If we are successful, in one great step our two nations will have been able to ease one of the greatest sources of tension in international affairs: that between the developing and developed worlds. We still have a long way to go, and it is still too early to conclude that our experiment will culminate in success, but certainly the results of the first ten years are promising. Sino-American ties have become extensive, affecting all aspects of our national lives: commerce, culture, education, scientific exchange and our separate national security policies. I’m most proud of the large number of Chinese students being educated in our country--now about 18000.I teach some of them and see the benefits that come from this exchange. At the same time, we are learning valuable lessons from you. Nonetheless, problems remain in our economic, educational and strategic relations. As a private American citizen I recognize that many of the burdens and opportunities of our relationship have now passed to the non-governmental sectors of our two societies: to individuals, our corporations, universities, research institutes, foundations, and so on. There is no doubt that Sino-American relations have reached a new stage. In this context, it is important for our two societies to search for areas of cooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit. In that regard, I’m delighted that Global 2000-BCCI is launching two projects in the area of public health. Although ours is relatively quite small, such activities, when combined with our common foreign policy interests and a growing commercial relationship, should help to remove the lingering fragility in Si- no-American relations. Which of the following may best describe the tone of the speech by the former U.S. President Carter()
A. Doubtful and uncertain
B. Friendly and hopeful
C. Serious and critical
D. Casual and friendly
Simon:我们仍不知道机器是否能够思考。计算机能够执行非常复杂的任务但是却缺乏人类智慧的灵活特性。 Roberta:我们不需要更复杂的计算机来弄清机器是否能够思考,我们人类就是机器,而我们可以思考。 Roberta对Simon的回应基于对哪个词的重新解释
A. 计算机
B. 知道
C. 机器
D. 复杂的
E. 思考