For many women choosing whether to work or not to work outside their home is a luxury: they must work to survive. Others face a hard decision. Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with economics. One husband said, Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance we couldn t afford. With two preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters , transportation, and increased taxes, rather than having more money, they might actually end up with less. Economic factors are usually the first to be considered, but they are not the most important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that husbands and wives find themselves having to face many confusing and conflicting feelings. There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel imprisoned if they have to stay home with a young child or several children. On the other hand, there are women who think that homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction. From my own experience. I would like to suggest that sometime the decision to go back to work is made in too much haste. There are few decisions that I now regret more. I wasn t mature enough to see how much I could have gained at home. I regret my impatience to get on with my career. I wish I had allowed myself the luxury of watching the world through my little girl s eyes. Questions: What are the two major considerations in deciding whether women should go out to work
For many women choosing whether to work or not to work outside their home is a luxury: they must work to survive. Others face a hard decision. Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with economics. One husband said, Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance we couldn t afford. With two preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters , transportation, and increased taxes, rather than having more money, they might actually end up with less. Economic factors are usually the first to be considered, but they are not the most important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that husbands and wives find themselves having to face many confusing and conflicting feelings. There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel imprisoned if they have to stay home with a young child or several children. On the other hand, there are women who think that homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction. From my own experience. I would like to suggest that sometime the decision to go back to work is made in too much haste. There are few decisions that I now regret more. I wasn t mature enough to see how much I could have gained at home. I regret my impatience to get on with my career. I wish I had allowed myself the luxury of watching the world through my little girl s eyes. Questions: Some women would rather do housework and take care of their children than pursue a career because they feel ________.
Some people believe that only material wealth is a sign ofsuccess while others hold that wealth alone cannot be themeasure of success. Which view do you agree with
passage twoA controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting incriminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a patternseen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNAis present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNAfingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, suchas to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father ofa particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminalinvestigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses. DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigationsby giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to trove guilt, not just establishinnocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect iscompared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found atthe scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict asuspect. The controversy in 1998 stemmed form a report published in December 1991 by populationgeneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartlcalled into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNAfingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current methodcannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they camefrom the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members ofthe same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods areadequate. In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University ofTexas in Dallas and Kenneth K.Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enoughdata are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. InJanuary 1998, however, the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNAtests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples form various ethnic groups in anattempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences calledfor strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories. National Academy of Sciences holds the stance that ____.
A. DNA testing should be systematized
B. Only authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testing
C. The academy only is authorized to work out standards for testing
D. The academy has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testing