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Many people think of skin as a/an ______ to keep bad influences out of our body.
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In order to rent and drive a car in Japan, you require a Japanese driving license or an international driving permit. In case of France, Germany and Switzerland, an official translation of your home country’s driving license is required. International driving permits must be obtained in your home country, usually through the National Automobile Association, before you leave for Japan. They are valid for one year and must be accompanied by your home country’s driving license in order to be valid. Japan recognizes only international driving permits, which are based on the Geneva Convention of 1949. Some countries, such as France, Germany and Switzerland, however, issue international driving permits, Which are based on different conventions. The permits issued by those countries are not valid in Japan. Instead, people with a French, German or Swiss driver’s license can drive in Japan for up to one year with an official Japanese translation of their driving licenses. Contact the respective embassies or consulates in Japan for details on how to obtain a recognized translation. The minimum age for driving in Japan is 18 years. Where do people usually get their international driving license
Michael Lewis, the author of Liar’s Poker, is the ideal writer to analyze the behavior that led to the current credit crisis. The bad news is that he is only the editor of this collection of articles. The good news is that he has not been constrained by false modesty and has chosen six of his own pieces for this book. As one would expect, they are witty, incisive and original. Mr. Lewis also contributes an introduction to each of the sections dealing with the four main panics of the last 21 years; the stock market crash of 1987, the Asian crisis of 1997-98 , the bursting of the dotcom bubble after 2000 and the current housing and banking bust. It is worth remembering, as we think the gloomy economic future, how each of the previous three crises was greeted with apocalyptic (天启的) headlines. "How many times does the end of the world as we know it needs to arrive before we realize that it’s not the end of the world as we know it" Mr. Lewis writes, in perhaps the most telling sentence of the book. The compiler’s contribution apart, the selection is a mixed bag. The aim was to give readers a flavor of sentiment before the bubbles burst, as well as analysis of the result. But the result is too much flat news stories and the book only really comes to life with the last two sections ,perhaps because the follies of dotcom valuations and subprime loans(次级抵押贷款) seem so fresh in the memory. It is hard not to miss days when Computer.com( a website for new users of technology) was able to spend 60% of its seed funding on a 90-second ad during the 2000 Super Bowl. Or when the shares of Books-A-Million, a retailer, rose tenfold within three days on the back of an upgrade to its existing website. It is commented by the author that the passages selected in the book is a ______.
Yet with economies in free fall, managers also need up-to-date information about what is happening to their businesses, so that they can change course rapidly if necessary. Cisco, an American network-equipment giant, has invested over many years in the technology needed to generate such data. Frank Calderoni, the firm’s CFO, says that every day its senior executives can track exactly what orders are coming in from sales teams around the world, and identify emerging trends in each region and market segment. And at the end of each month, the firm can get reliable financial results within four hours of closing its books. Most firms have to wait days or even weeks for such certainty. Admittedly, Cisco’s financial results have not made happy reading recently because, in common with many other large technology companies, it has seen demand for its products decline in the downturn. In early February it announced that its fiscal second-quarter revenues of ＄9.1 billion were 7.5% lower than the same period in 2008 and that its profit had fallen by 27%, to ＄1.5 billion. In response to hard times, Cisco plans to cut ＄1billion of costs this year by, among other things, making use of its own video-conferencing and other communications technologies to reduce the amount its executives travel. It is also using these facilities to relay information from employees on the ground to its senior managers, and to get instructions from Cisco’s leaders back out to its 67,000 staff. A rapid exchange of information and instructions is especially valuable if the company wants to alter course in stormy times. If everybody in a company can rapidly grasp what they have to do and how it is changing, they are more likely to get the job done. But some firms are reluctant to share their goals with the wider world. Unilever, a big Anglo-Dutch consumer-goods group, has decided against issuing a 2009 financial forecast to investors, arguing that it is difficult to predict what is going to happen, given the dangerous state of the world economy. "We’re not just going to provide numbers for the sake of it," explains James Allison, the company’s head of investor relations. Other companies that have decided not to provide annual earnings estimates for 2009 include Costco, a big American retailer, and Union Pacific, an American railway company. Some firms, such as Intel, seem to have chosen to take things quarter by quarter. The giant chipmaker (芯片制造商) said in January that it would not issue an official forecast for the first quarter of 2009 after its fourth-quarter 2008 profit decreased by 90%. Several retail chains have also stopped providing monthly sales estimates because they cannot see what the future holds. Retailers, chipmakers and firms in many other industries may have a long wait before the economic fog finally lifts. According to the author, the staff can perform better by ______.
Lust for money and power ________________ (诱使他跳槽到了另一家公司).
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