Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 6 statements. Go over the passage quickly. For questions 66-71, mark T (/for True) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; F (for False) if the statement contradicts with information given in the passage; NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage.Questions 66-71 are based on the following passage. Heat loss by sweating depends on the fact that when a liquid evaporates, it absorbs an enormous quantity of heat from its surroundings. Therefore, when 1 ml. of sweat evaporate, a great deal of heat is absorbed from the surface of the body in contact with it. This heat transfer occurs even if the environment is hotter than the body. Two factors affect the rate of evaporation of sweat, and therefore the effectiveness of sweating as a method of cooling the body. The first is the amount of movement of air surrounding the body. The second is the amount of water vapor in the air that surrounds the body. When air moves over the surface of water, the amount of evaporation is greatly increased. For this reason, sweat evaporates very rapidly on windy days, and the rate of heat loss by sweating is much more than on a still day. This accounts for the fact that hot still days are much less comfortable than hot windy days. In contrast, the sweat evaporates very rapidly on hot windy days, and cools the body quickly and effectively. The second factor is the amount of water vapor in the air--the humidity. When air is carrying the maximum amount of water vapor that it can hold, it is said to be 100% saturated with water vapor. The relative humidity of the air is said to be 100%. Under these conditions the air cannot carry any water, so no water can evaporate. When the relative humidity is high, therefore, sweat cannot evaporate. Instead, it forms large drops and runs off your skin without cooling you. When the air is very dry and carries no water at all, the relative humidity is said to be 0%. It is obvious that under these conditions, evaporation will be much more rapid. Therefore, sweating will be much more effective as a method of losing heat from the body. On a hot dry day, sweat evaporates as soon as it is formed, and you feel reasonably cool even though the temperature of your environment is very high. ______ You might expect the highest incidence of a heat stroke when the maximum temperature is 100 and humidity is 50%.
Directions: You are going to read a passage. Seven sentences have been removed from it. Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.Questions 72-78 are based on the following passage. Training is a costly exercise for any organization to undertake. It requires much though, the establishment of a regular training system, 1 . Employees undergoing it lose production time. There are, however, positive benefits to be gained; the obvious ones are that production will be more efficient, materials will not be wasted, and machinery will not be damaged. Good products, resulting from training, 2 . Some aspects of training benefit both the company and the individual worker. The achievement of good performance, for example, raises staff morale and cuts down aggravation. An increase in job satisfaction, 3 , will also be of benefit in reducing staff turnover. Training may also result in a more flexible workforce, 4 . This brings the possibility of greater efficiency for the supervisor’s planning and more interest for the worker. The employee can see positive benefits to be gained from undergoing training. He will more quickly become an experienced worker and so be able to achieve bonuses and/or promotion. 5 . A feeling of well-being results from acquiring skill and knowledge, and in turn being able to pass these to less experienced staff. As a motivator, successful training is very strong particularly where it leads to more money or status. For the full rewards of training to be gained, by both management and work force, 6 . Above all, a newly trained employee must be given opportunity, to use the newly acquired abilities under actual work conditions. Immediate practice and reinforcement will build on the basis of training already given, so increasing the benefits. This also adds to the general image of the company as a sensible caring organization, eager to make the best of their work force, and to offer opportunities. 7 , less stress, reduced staff turnover, more profit, increased customer satisfaction and expansion, then the costs will be more than justified. Sentences: A. it is essential that systematic planning be carried out B. It costs a lot of money of the company. C. If the financial investment in training made by the organization results in increased efficiency D. the preparation of trainers and allocation of their time E. Worries about the job will diminish as confidence increases. F. lead to prosperous business and financial benefits G. be able to transfer to a variety of jobs H. as well as leading to a higher quality of production