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Text 2The government’s chief prosecutor has launched an outspoken attack on plans by David Blunkett, the home secretary, to try terrorists without juries and in secret.Ken Macdonald QC, the director of public prosecutions, says in an article in today’s Sunday Times that plans for trials without juries of some terror suspects would undermine public faith in the criminal justice system. In his attack on proposals expected in Blunkett’s forthcoming draft terrorism bill to limit the right to jury trial for Al-Qaeda and other Islamic terror suspects, Macdonald says: "To be effective against... terrorism, we need to call on legislation that is clear, flexible and proportionate to the threat."Nobody wants to throw out the baby with the bath water; we do not want to fight terrorism by destroying precisely those things terrorism is trying to take away from us."Open, liberal democracies fail if they try to protect themselves by becoming illiberal, closed and repressive."Macdonal says he favours proposals by ministers to allow telephone-tapping evidence from MI5 and police to be used in open court. He also believes that "minor players" in terrorist plots should be offered some immunity from prosecution in return for information.But he emphasizes: "Changes to the criminal trial process have to be approached with great caution and a clear head."Macdonald, who as head of the Crown Prosecution Service, has overall responsibility for charging and prosecuting all terrorist suspects in England and Wales, says that some basic rights "cannot be negotiated away in a free and democratic society".So criminal trials must remain routinely open and take place before independent and impartial tribunals. In Britain people have great affection for trial by jury ... Public faith in public justice will not survive abandonment of these fundamental principles.Macdonald waited to launch his broadside until after last week’s Queen’s speech, when the Home Office said draconian new counter-terrorism measures would be contained in a draft bill, expected to be published in the new year.The bill would allow for anti-terror courts without juries, which are expected to hear evidence in secret before special security-cleared judges.Macdonald’s strong comments amount to the clearest signal yet that Blunkett will face a fierce battle not just in parliament but in Whitehall over the plans.Other senior legal figures including Lord Woolf, the lord chief justice, have previously criticised government plans to limit trial by jury in ordinary criminal trials. However, Macdonald is the first to come out against the new proposals to limit the right to a jury trial in terrorism cases. The purpose of the author in writing the text is to（）
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Text 4Since October 1, it has been illegal for any business to discriminate against disabled people, either during the recruitment process or at work, and disability rights campaigners says that employers must make better use of new technology to help them fulfil their new obligations.Amendments to the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) require all Businesses, not just those with more than 15 employees as previously, to make "reasonable adjust ments" to workplaces to accommodate the disabled. Such adjustments include buying new equipment or modifying existing systems so that disabled people can use them.But many employers are failing to investigate potentially useful changes or upgrades to systems. They are also failing to claim generous Access to Work grants from the Government, designed to cover ’the cost of adapting or re-equipping a workplace, extra training or hiring human assistants like sign language interpreters.Ruth Loehl, a senior ICT development officer at the Royal National Institute for the Blind, says: "The technology is there and the funding is there. But many employers and employees don’t know what’s available. It’s patchy across the country. "Access to Work grants can cover up to 100 percent of the cost of new or adapted equipment, says Ms. Loebl. "You shouldn’t have to pay any more to employ a blind person."Lynne Nelson, employment co ordinator for the Royal National Institute for the Deaf agrees: "Technology is very much underused. Employers are not aware of what’s available and they’re more reactive than proactive. "Complying with the act could be as easy as rearranging an office so that the light is better for a deaf person to lipread. At the other end of the scale, it could mean investing in a cutting edge messaging system which combines computers and phones, converting text messages into voice messages for blind or partially sighted employees and incorporating voice recognition software for people unable to use a conventional keyboard and mouse.Changing font sizes and shapes and using different background colours can all help to make computer-screen displays more legible and accessible for visually impaired users. Screen magnifier programmes are available to enlarge text. Screen reader software will read out the content of email boxes or websites.Commercial websites now incorporate alt. tags, phrases or sentences which describe images on sites to blind and partially sighted users through screen readers. But some sites still carry images described simply as "corporate logo" or "image". A survey by the Disability Rights Commission earlier this year found that 81 percent of websites were inaccessible or difficult to use, often because of badly worded alt. tags or because the software was blocking attempts to change fonts or colours. The main idea of the text is to（）
Anna Tibaijuka (par
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