题目内容
SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文：INTERVIEWER: Mr. Cobble, I believe you are the Chairman of the Noise Abatement Society. Could you tell us some of the aims of your society？
INTERVIEWEE: Well, our sole purpose is to eliminate all excessive and unnecessary noise from all sources.
INTERVIEWER: Is there any particular source of noise that you are concerned with or that you are fighting against, for example, industrial noise or traffic noise？
INTERVIEWEE: Well, there are about a hundred and one different sources of noise and we get complaints about every one of them, at one time or another. And we deal with about 20,000 complaints a year. There are worse sources of noise, of course. I would say that the one that affects most people in most countries is traffic noise. Air craft noise is worse in intensity, but it affects only about 10% of the population.
INTERVIEWER: Yes, the obvious example is of course Concord, which we're all reading about.
INTERVIEWEE: I don't think Concord will go into production as such, not for environmental reasons, although we have been fighting it tooth and nail in many countries, but for economic reasons.
INTERVIEWER: Is there anything that private people can do about noise or is it something that has of necessity to be dealt with by the governments or by the authorities？
INTERVIEWEE: We got the Noise Abatement Act through Parliament. So it is possible, under this law, for any individual to go to his Public Health Department and complain about any noise. If the Public Health Inspector, on investigating, agrees with the complaint that the noise is a nuisance, he is bound under the terms of the Act, to advise his council to issue an abatement notice. There are two exceptions to this—aircraft noise is above the law, for certain political reasons, and traffic noise, which is dealt with by the police.
INTERVIEWER: We know in fact that people in Britain have become noise-conscious to quite a considerable extent. What about other countries？
INTERVIEWEE: We have an international association against noise, with headquartes in Zurich, and we have conferences in many countries. I would say that possibly at any time of the year there is a noise abatement conference being convened at one or another country throughout the world.
INTERVIEWER: Can I ask you, on a more personal note, what sort of noises you dislike most ？
INTERVIEWEE: I think motorcycles, because young people arc liable to rip up the traffic lights or when you are peacefully driving along in your quiet car, they zoom past you and almost turn you off the read.
INTERVIEWER: Are there any sorts of noise that you enjoy？
INTERVIEWEE: Yes. I like the crackling of my grandchildren. You know, if it's your child, it's a pleasant sound, if it is somebody else's, it's noise.
This interview mainly talks about ______.
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Robert found ______and called out.
【C8】
Even as sex differences within marriage have diminished, the role of husband still plays a unique function in the lives of men. Steven Nock argues that adolescent boys face challenges in becoming men that adolescent girls do not face in becoming women. According to Nock, "Masculinity is precarious and must be sustained in adulthood. Normative marriage does this. A man develops, sustains, and displays his masculine identity in his marriage. The adult roles that men occupy as husbands are core aspect of their masculinity." The behaviors expected of married men as husbands, according to Nock, are the same behaviors expected of husbands as men. So getting married and successfully doing the things that husbands do allows men to achieve and sustain their masculinity.
Nock argues that if marriage provides a mechanism through which men establish and maintain their masculinity, marriage should have consistent and predictable consequences. He reasons that normative marriage will have different consequences than other forms of marriage. Nock argues that marriage causes men to become more successful, participate in social life, and to become more philanthropic. This is, in today's climate of extreme caution about causal relationships, a bold claim. He tests it using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and fixed effect models, to separate changes that accompany aging from those that happen uniquely at marriage. To measure achievement, Nock uses annual income, annual weeks worked, and occupational prestige. He measures social participation with time spent on housework, social contacts, and organizational involvement; and he measures generosity with gifts to non-relatives and loans to relatives and non-relatives.
To summarize his results too briefly, when men marry, their achievements rise on all measures; they reduce their time in housework; increase their contact with relatives, church services and church events, and coworkers; and decrease contact with friends and time in bars. When men marry, they give fewer and smaller gifts and loans to non-relatives and more and larger loans to relatives. Nock also looks at changes in each of the measures of adult achievement, social participation, and generosity with changes in each of the dimensions of normative marriage. He finds, generally, that moves toward normative marriage increase achievements, social participation with family and religious organizations, and generosity to relatives. Changes toward more normative marriage also reduce men's time in housework, their social contacts with friends, and social events in bars. (465 words)
The author's attitude towards Nock's ideas is one of ______.
There was no cat in the City mouse's home.
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