题目内容
High Blood Pressure
There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is，in part，a familial disease．Since families have similar genes as well as similar environment，familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences，to shared environmental factors，or to both．For some years，the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families，namely dietary salt，has been studied at Brook—haven National Laboratory．These studies suggest that chronic excess salt ingestion(摄取)can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals．Some individuals，however，and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure．No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments，some salt-fed animals never develop hypertension(高血压)whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertensions followed by early death．These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution．
By mating in successive generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion，a resistant strain(the R strain)has been evolved in which consumPtion of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly．In contrast，by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt，a sensitive strain(the S strain)has also been developed．
The availability of these two strains permits investigations not therefore possible．They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human developing methods by which genetic susceptibility(敏感性)of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance．
The main idea of this passage is__________． 查看材料
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0 In the village where I grew up, everyone knew an old man
00 who spent all of his time with painting. People who lived in the
village used to be admire his work and he often gave paintings
to friends of his. If they offered him money, he would never
take it because he said he painted for a pleasure. He gave one of
the paintings to my father, who actually wasn't very interested
in art. One day when I was playing, I came across from it in the
bin outside our house. I have hid it in our garage where my father
couldn't find it because I really would liked it, and then I forgot
all about it. Since years later I found it again. By that time the
old man had been died and people had started to recognise his
paintings as great works of art. They were now worth a lot of
money. An art gallery made me an offer of ￡5,000 for this
painting and I nearly sold it, but then I decided not to do. When
I look at the painting held hanging on the wall of my sitting-room,
it reminds to me of my childhood, and of the man who could
have been so much rich but didn't really want to make money.
(80)
Robots
1. The most sophisticated (先进的 ) Japanese robots, which have vision systems and work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe.
2. Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices for simply handling objects, today their commonest uses are for more skilled work like welding (焊接 ) , spray-painting and assembling components.
3. In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.
4. It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100 times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job.
5. It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular that they make up a third of all material published in Japan.
6. The reliability of robots is measured in their M.T.B.F. or mean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today (equivalent to working 18 hours a day for two years ) .One way robot manufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small sample.
7. The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. Once programmed, the robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored.
Paragraph 2__________ 查看材料
Language is something that defines (define) us as humans. When language is ___41___ (use) well，it can bring out very deep feelings in others, and encourage others to take ___42___ (act). Sometimes in poetry a certain phrase can bring ___43___ (tear) to the eyes and move us deeply. When we use language to express our true feelings to someone, it can open and ___44___ (deep) the connection between us. Language is a very ___45___ (power) tool. How we use language shapes our world. How we use self-talk ___46___ (direct) shapes our experience of both ourselves and the world. How we deliver ___47___ (communicate) shapes the way the ___48___ (respond) to us. We can use language more ___49___ (effective).And this clearly influences the Health and power of our ___50___ (person) relationships and business relationships.
41_______
42_______
43_______
45_______
48_______
50_______
44_______
49_______
46_______
47_______
Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer.
INTERNATIONAL DRIVING LICENSES
FACTS:
have been used (11)
drivers do not have to speak the native tongue of the country they are visiting
drivers must be at least 18 years of age
drivers must hold a driving license in their home country
SPECIFICATIONS OF BOOKLET:
Size of license: 10.8× (12) cm
Number of pages: 17
Colour of inside pages: (13)
Has a photograph of the driver and his/her (14)
Available from authorized travel agencies and the (15)
Cost of 3-year license: (16)
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