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Genetically modified foods, for example tomatoes, have been developed to target the end consumer. In addition, biotechnology companies make products for the agricultural industry. These GMOs are aimed at increasing farm yields. Dr. Schwarcz discussed the two most common – herbicide tolerate and pest-resistant crops. For each product below, select the description that accurately describes how the genetic modification works in the agricultural setting:Glyphosate resistant canola:

A. The canola genome has been modified to resist the glyphosate toxin produced by insects. Spraying with pesticides is no longer necessary because the insects die if they ingest part of the plant.
B. The canola genome has been modified to provide tolerance to glyphosate based herbicides. The modified plants are able to withstand application of the herbicide while weeds competing for nutrients in the soil are destroyed.
C. The canola genome has been modified to resist the glyphosate toxin produced by weeds. Spraying with pesticides can be reduced because the weeds will cause less damage to the plants.

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Now, let’s compare industrialized countries to developing nations. The World Bank defines a developing economy as a country that has a Gross National Income (GNI) per person per year of $12,615 or less (divisions for 2012 GNI). Using this criterion, 9 countries on this interactive map fall in the category of industrialized: Canada, United States, Chile, Uruguay, Spain, Portugal, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Australia.Calculate the % of GMO crops grown by developing nations versus industrial nations. (Note the total area of GMO crops worldwide is 170.9 million hectares). Round your answer to the nearest whole number (for example, 10.5% should be entered as 11 where as 10.4% should be entered as 10).Industrialized Countries (in %):Developing Countries (in %): ______

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Now, let’s compare industrialized countries to developing nations. The World Bank defines a developing economy as a country that has a Gross National Income (GNI) per person per year of $12,615 or less (divisions for 2012 GNI). Using this criterion, 9 countries on this interactive map fall in the category of industrialized: Canada, United States, Chile, Uruguay, Spain, Portugal, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Australia.Calculate the % of GMO crops grown by developing nations versus industrial nations. (Note the total area of GMO crops worldwide is 170.9 million hectares). Round your answer to the nearest whole number (for example, 10.5% should be entered as 11 where as 10.4% should be entered as 10).Industrialized Countries (in %): ______

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Which region has the greatest increase in the number of organic producers:From 2005 to 2008?

Africa
B. Asia
C. Europe
D. Latin America
E. North America
F. Oceania

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Which of the following scenarios is an example of the nocebo effect?

A. Researchers are conducting clinical trials for a new drug to treat migraines. A number of participants who were part of the group that received sugar pills reported a significant improvement including fewer migraines during the study period and reduced symptoms when they did experience one.
B. A study is being conducted to test a new drug to treat depression. Many of the members of the placebo group report experiencing fatigue, vomiting, and muscle weakness, which were all potential side effects of the drug.
C. Researchers are studying a new treatment for anxiety with one group taking the medication and the other group taking a placebo. All the participants are feeling calm but are still experiencing panic attacks.

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