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A critical aspect of environmental protection is that it is driven by the values that humans attribute to different aspects of the environment. These values need not be _____________, but the motivating factor for environmental protection is always the prevention of changes to the environment that humans do not want. This is why measures associated with the prevention of unwanted natural changes to ecosystems—like the prevention of coastal erosion or systematic burning in reserves to reduce the risk of wildfires—can be included as environmental protection.

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Globalcarbon(C)emissionsfromfossilfuelusewere______gigatonnes(Gt)in2014(or35.9GtofCO₂).

Climatechangereferstochangesintheearth'sclimate,especiallythe_______________intemperaturecausedbyhighlevelsofcarbondioxide (CO₂) andothergases.ItreferstochangeoccurringintheEarth'soverallclimateandinparticularclimates,nowregardedasaresultofhumanactivityandresultinggenerallyinglobalwarming.

Arne Naess, a Norwegian philosopher & the founding editor of the journal Inquiry authored and published a paper in Inquiry "The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement" in 1973, which was the beginning of the __________________.

SomeincomingsunlightisreflectedbyEarth'satmosphereandsurface,butmostisabsorbedbythesurface,whichiswarmed.Infrared(IR)radiationisthenemittedfromthesurface.SomeIRradiationescapestospace,butsomeisabsorbedbytheatmosphere'sgreenhousegases(especiallywatervapor, CO₂,andmethane)andreradiatedinalldirections,sometospaceandsomebacktowardthesurface,whereitfurther________thesurfaceandtheloweratmosphere.

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