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Questions 16-20 The freedom to lead different types of life is reflected in the person’s capacity set. The capacity of a person depends on a variety of factors, including personal characteristics and social arrangements. A full accounting of individual freedom must, of course, go beyond the capacities of personal living and pay attention to the person’s other objectives ( e.g. social goals not directly related to one’s own life), but human capacities constitute an important part of individual freedom. Freedom, of course, is not an unproblematic concept. For example, if we do not have the courage to choose to live in a particular way, even though we could live that way if we so choose, can it be said that we do have the freedom to live that way, i.e. the correspondent capacity It is not any purpose here to brush under the carpet difficult questions of this-and-other-type. In so far as there are genuine ambiguities in the concept of freedom, that should be reflected in corresponding ambiguities in the characterization of capacity. This relates to a methodological point, which I have tried to defend elsewhere, that if an underlying idea has an essential ambiguity, a precise formulation of that idea must try to capture that ambiguity rather than hide or eliminate it. Comparisons of freedom raise interesting issues of evaluation. The claim is sometimes made that freedom must be valued independently of the values and preferences of the person whose freedom is being assessed, since it concerns the "range" of choice a person has--not how she values the elements in that range or what she chooses from it. I do not believe for an instant that this claim is sustainable (despite some superficial plausibility), but had it been correct, it would have been a rather momentous conclusion, driving a wedge between the evaluation of achievements and that of freedom. It would, in particular, be then possible to assess the freedom of a person independently of--or prior to--the assessment of the alternatives between which the person can choose. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage
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Questions 6-10 For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Apollo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war. Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before. Today Mars looms as humanity’s next great terra incognita. And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a, leading role The question naturally invites a couple of others.. Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe. At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is ______.
某水利枢纽工程由电站、溢洪道和土坝组成。主坝为均质土坝，上游设干砌石护坡，下游设草皮护坡和堆石排水体，坝顶设碎石路，工程实施过程中发生下述事件： 事件1：项目法人委托该工程质量监督机构对于大坝填筑按《水利水电基本建设工程单元工程质量评定标准》规定的检验数量进行质量检查。质量监督机构受项目法人委托，承担了该工程质量检测任务。 事件2：土坝施工单位将坝体碾压分包给具有良好碾压设备和经验的乙公司承担。合同文件中，单元工程的划分标准是：以40m坝长、20cm铺料厚度为单元工程的计算单位，铺料为一个单元工程，碾压为另一个单元工程。 事件3：该工程监理单位给施工单位“监理通知”如下：经你单位申请并提出设计变更，我单位复核同意将坝下游排水体改为浆砌石，边坡由1:2.5改为1:2。 事件4：土坝单位工程完工验收结论为：本单位工程划分为30个分部工程，其中质量合格12个，质量优良18个，优良率为60%，主要分部工程(坝顶碎石路)质量优良，且施工中未发生重大质量事故；中间产品质量全部合格，其中混凝土拌合物质量达到优良；厚材料质量、金属结构及启闭机制造质量合格；外观质量得分率为83%。所以，本单位工程质量评定为优良。 事件5：该工程项目单元工程质量评定表监理单位填写，土坝单位工程完工验收由施工单位主持。工程截流验收及移民安置验收由项目法人主持。 [问题] 1．简要分析事件1中存在的问题及理由。 2．简要分析事件2中存在的问题及理由。 3．简要分析事件3“监理通知”存在的问题及理由。 4．土坝单位工程质量等级实际为优良。依据水利工程验收和质量评定的有关规定，简要分析事件4中验收结论存在的问题。 5．根据水利工程验收和质量评定的有关规定，指出事件5中存在的不妥之处并改正。
Sectence Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. In fact, they say, one reason endangered-species legislation has not passed is that Canadians find it hard to believe that with so much open space, and SO few people, species could be in trouble.
材料2介绍了经济危机对我国出口的打击，请结合自己的已有知识，简单谈谈此次经济危机对我国出口的影响。要求：详略得当，层次分明，字数控制在400字以内。
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