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案例分析题Mass Protest Decries Bush Abortion Policies群众抗议谴责布什的堕胎政策by Deborah ZabarenkoWASHINGTON (Reuters)—Protesters crowded the National Mall on Sunday to show support for abortion rights and opposition to Bush administration policies on women’s health issues in one of the biggest demonstrations in US history.There was no official crowd count, but organizers claimed more than 1 million people participateD．Pink-and purple-shirted protesters raised signs reading "Fight the Radical Right", "Keep Abortion Legal" and "US Out Of My Uterus" and covered the Mall from the foot of Capitol Hill to the base of the Washington Monument.Speakers ranged from actresses Whoopi Goldberg, Ashley Judd and Kathleen Turner to philanthropist Ted Turner, feminist icon Gloria Steinem and former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.Goldberg raised a wire coat hanger—a symbol of illegal abortions in the days before the Supreme Court’s 1973 Roe vs. Wade ruling recognizing abortion rights—and told the crowd, "We are one vote away from going back to this!"She was referring to the nine-member high court, which has frequently decided abortion- related cases on a five-four vote.The abortion issue was the centerpiece of the march’s broad protest against the policies of President Bush, including his stance on funding international family planning. No US funds may be used for any family planning agency that mentions abortion to patients."Vote That Smirk Out of Office," was a characteristically political placard targeting Bush, but Dorothy Smith, 76, of Eldridge, Missouri, carried an emblem she made herself—a wire coat hanger draped with a sign reading "Never Again. ""I can remember when abortion was just as common as it is now, but it killed a lot of women," Smith saiD．Major sponsors included stalwarts of the abortion rights movement______NARAL Pro-Choice America, Feminist Majority, National Organization for Women, Planned Parenthood Federation of America—as well as the American Civil Liberties Union, the Black Women’s Health Imperative and the National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health.Some 1,400 groups attended the event, including an international contingent with marchers from 57 countries. There were medical students who carried signs saying they planned to be the next generation of abortion providers, and there was a Texas group marching behind a banner that read, "Old Broads for Choice. "As the march wound from the Mall toward the White House and then turned onto Pennsylvania Avenue and toward Capitol Hill, abortion rights groups encountered antiabortion protesters.These protesters carried posters showing photographs of fetuses at eight weeks gestation and signs reading "Abortion kills Babies. "March organizers claimed double the turnout of the last big abortion rights march in 1992, which drew 500,000, according to the US Park Police, who no longer gives official crowd counts. The biggest demonstration was an anti-Vietnam War rally in 1969, which drew 600,000. The largest gathering on the National Mall was the 1976 US bicentennial celebration.Though the march was billed as nonpartisan and included a contingent called Republicans for Choice, much of the day’s rhetoric was plainly aimed at Bush, a Republican who opposes abortion in most cases.Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry vowed on Friday to champion abortion rights if electeD．He received the endorsement of Planned Parenthood’s Action Fund, the organization’s political fund-raising ann.Neither Bush nor Kerry attended the march, but US Sen. Hillary Rodham Cfinton, a New York Democrat and former first lady, drew roars of approval when she exhorted the crowd to register to vote. Volunteers were on hand to register new voters.Bush addressed an anti-abortion march in January, saying the effort to overturn the Supreme Court’s 1973 Roe v. Wade ruling, which recognized a right to abortion, was "noble cause. \ Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage （）
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案例分析题Sociology is a social science that studies (1) societies, their interactions, and the processes that (2) and change them. It does this by (3) the dynamics of constituent parts of societies (4) as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, (5) age groups. Sociology also studies social status (6) stratification, social movements, and social change, as (7) as societal disorder in the form of (8) , deviance, and revolution.Social life overwhelmingly regulates (9) behaviour of humans, largely because humans lack (10) instincts that guide most animal behaviour. Humans (11) depend on social institutions and organizations to (12) their decisions and actions. Given the important (13) organizations play in influencing human action, it (14) sociology’s task to discover how organizations affect (15) behaviour of persons, how they are established, (16) organizations interact with one another, how they (17) , and, ultimately, how they disappear. Among the (18) basic organizational structures are economic, religious, educational, (19) political institutions, as well as more specialized (20) such as the family, the community, the military, peer groups, clubs, and volunteer associations. and the processes that （） and change them.
案例分析题Sociology is a social science that studies (1) societies, their interactions, and the processes that (2) and change them. It does this by (3) the dynamics of constituent parts of societies (4) as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, (5) age groups. Sociology also studies social status (6) stratification, social movements, and social change, as (7) as societal disorder in the form of (8) , deviance, and revolution.Social life overwhelmingly regulates (9) behaviour of humans, largely because humans lack (10) instincts that guide most animal behaviour. Humans (11) depend on social institutions and organizations to (12) their decisions and actions. Given the important (13) organizations play in influencing human action, it (14) sociology’s task to discover how organizations affect (15) behaviour of persons, how they are established, (16) organizations interact with one another, how they (17) , and, ultimately, how they disappear. Among the (18) basic organizational structures are economic, religious, educational, (19) political institutions, as well as more specialized (20) such as the family, the community, the military, peer groups, clubs, and volunteer associations. Sociology is a social science that studies （） societies
案例分析题Mass Protest Decries Bush Abortion Policies群众抗议谴责布什的堕胎政策by Deborah ZabarenkoWASHINGTON (Reuters)—Protesters crowded the National Mall on Sunday to show support for abortion rights and opposition to Bush administration policies on women’s health issues in one of the biggest demonstrations in US history.There was no official crowd count, but organizers claimed more than 1 million people participateD．Pink-and purple-shirted protesters raised signs reading "Fight the Radical Right", "Keep Abortion Legal" and "US Out Of My Uterus" and covered the Mall from the foot of Capitol Hill to the base of the Washington Monument.Speakers ranged from actresses Whoopi Goldberg, Ashley Judd and Kathleen Turner to philanthropist Ted Turner, feminist icon Gloria Steinem and former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.Goldberg raised a wire coat hanger—a symbol of illegal abortions in the days before the Supreme Court’s 1973 Roe vs. Wade ruling recognizing abortion rights—and told the crowd, "We are one vote away from going back to this!"She was referring to the nine-member high court, which has frequently decided abortion- related cases on a five-four vote.The abortion issue was the centerpiece of the march’s broad protest against the policies of President Bush, including his stance on funding international family planning. No US funds may be used for any family planning agency that mentions abortion to patients."Vote That Smirk Out of Office," was a characteristically political placard targeting Bush, but Dorothy Smith, 76, of Eldridge, Missouri, carried an emblem she made herself—a wire coat hanger draped with a sign reading "Never Again. ""I can remember when abortion was just as common as it is now, but it killed a lot of women," Smith saiD．Major sponsors included stalwarts of the abortion rights movement______NARAL Pro-Choice America, Feminist Majority, National Organization for Women, Planned Parenthood Federation of America—as well as the American Civil Liberties Union, the Black Women’s Health Imperative and the National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health.Some 1,400 groups attended the event, including an international contingent with marchers from 57 countries. There were medical students who carried signs saying they planned to be the next generation of abortion providers, and there was a Texas group marching behind a banner that read, "Old Broads for Choice. "As the march wound from the Mall toward the White House and then turned onto Pennsylvania Avenue and toward Capitol Hill, abortion rights groups encountered antiabortion protesters.These protesters carried posters showing photographs of fetuses at eight weeks gestation and signs reading "Abortion kills Babies. "March organizers claimed double the turnout of the last big abortion rights march in 1992, which drew 500,000, according to the US Park Police, who no longer gives official crowd counts. The biggest demonstration was an anti-Vietnam War rally in 1969, which drew 600,000. The largest gathering on the National Mall was the 1976 US bicentennial celebration.Though the march was billed as nonpartisan and included a contingent called Republicans for Choice, much of the day’s rhetoric was plainly aimed at Bush, a Republican who opposes abortion in most cases.Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry vowed on Friday to champion abortion rights if electeD．He received the endorsement of Planned Parenthood’s Action Fund, the organization’s political fund-raising ann.Neither Bush nor Kerry attended the march, but US Sen. Hillary Rodham Cfinton, a New York Democrat and former first lady, drew roars of approval when she exhorted the crowd to register to vote. Volunteers were on hand to register new voters.Bush addressed an anti-abortion march in January, saying the effort to overturn the Supreme Court’s 1973 Roe v. Wade ruling, which recognized a right to abortion, was "noble cause. \ By saying "We are one vote away from going back to this" Goldberg meant that（）
案例分析题The Federal Government联邦政府The ConstitutionWhen America broke away from Britain in 1775, she did not adopt a British Constitution. The British have always had an unwritten constitution, whereas every item of the American Constitution is clearly written down and numbered, and can only be changed by a two-thirds majority vote of Congress.Yet in their different ways, the American and British forms of government did have one thing in common. They were both democratiC．As for American society, it was more democratic than British society, in that it paid less attention to class or wealth.Political PartiesThere are two major political parties in the USA, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The policies of the two parties are not basically opposed to one another. Inside both parties there moderates and right-wringers, though the Democrats still have the reputation of being somewhat more liberal than the Republicans. Voters are influenced by family traditions, but there are plenty of ordinary people who vote according to their hopes, fears and beliefs.There are no other political parties that can compete with the two big parties, though there are occasionally independents who stand for the presidency and manage to collect quite a few votes. There are no left-wing parties. Most Americans are in favor of free enterprise, believing that it may one day help them fulfill the American Dream.The President and CongressThe President of the USA has more power than any other president in the democratic world- except the French President. It is he who formulates foreign policy and prepares laws for the home front. He is leader of the nation and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. He represents the USA and, since the USA is a super power, the eyes of the whole world are on him. The fate of the world is in his hands, or so many people believe, and one careless, ill-prepared speech by him could precipitate a crises.Actually, a great deal of the President’s power is controlled by Congress, the American name for "parliament". It is Congress that declares war, not the President. Unlike the Prime Minister of Great Britain, or of Germany, he can make a treaty with a foreign power. But this treaty must be debated and agreed by Congress before it comes into force. The same control applies to laws at home. Congress has (on several occasions) refused to ratify treaties or given approval to laws proposed by the President. The USA is the only country, apart from France, where a president can rule with a parliament, the majority of whose members do not belong to his own political party.Some Americans have the feeling that idealism has gone out of politics and that personal ambition and money have taken its place. The election campaign fro the Presidency is unique in the amount of money poured into it. The wooing of voters lasts for months. But before the campaign for the election of the President can begin, each political party has to choose its candidate for the Presidency. This can lead to some very close contests. Men aspiring to be elected as the party candidate employ top public relations and advertising men, who invent clever catch phrases and set about "selling" their man. There are whistle stop tours by train, by plane, by car. The candidate delivers countless speeches and shakes countless hands. This razzamatazz typifies American enthusiasm and extravagance.Big money is necessary to support a presidential candidate’s campaign and the candidate himself must be rich enough to pay his share. An attractive wife is an advantage, too. Money is also needed to become the Governor of a state, or a successful Senator, or member of the House of Representatives. Yet from this small group many excellent men have become President, and the same is true of members of Congress.It is very unlikely that the President could ever become a dictator. Congress, the press and the people between them rule out such a possibility.The Supreme CourtPerhaps the most effective safeguard of democracy is the Supreme Court, for one of its objects is to protect the individual against the government. It has the authority to cancel a law which it considers violates the Constitution. The Court sits for at least four days a week and any individual who has a grievance against the government can apply to it for help.The Supreme Court goes way back to 1787, the days of the Founding Fathers, and is one of the cornerstones of American democracy. It gives judgement in disputes between States, or between a State and the Federal Government, and without invitation can declare a law made by Congress to be unconstitutional. The great Jefferson, who drew up the Declaration of Independence, saw to it, too, that there was a Bill of Rights which every American could thrust under the nose of anyone who tries to rob him of his freedom as a democratic citizen. Every item of the American constitution is（）
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