题目内容
Your eye is a window on the nerves and blood vessels, revealing vital information about your entire body. An (1) exam starts from the outside and works in. First the ophthalmologist (眼科医生) gauges (2) with the familiar wall chart and checks visual field by moving objects in and out of (3) . A limited visual field could be the (4) of the high inner eye pressure of glaucoma(青光眼)or (5) a tumor pressing on nerves leading from the eye. The physician also checks for infection around the lashes and notes how fast the lids follow the eyes downward. Lid lag sometimes (6) thyroid disease (甲状腺疾病).If one pupil contracts (7) the other doesn’t, the physician is (8) to the fact that (9) a tumor or stroke, perhaps, has damaged the nerves between the eye and brain. A tumor as far away (10) the lung can cause capillary problems by hitting a nerve that loops through the neck.The white of the eye, tear ducts, lens and retina (视网膜) are checked for (11) of trouble. Too many white blood cells (12) inflammation, blood means tissue has tom or a vessel has burst, and deposits of (13) material can mean eye disease. The orange-red retina holds many more (14) for disease detection. High blood pressure may announce its (15) by pushing the vessels off track at their intersections. (16) vessel growth is a sign of diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病性视网膜病). Narrowed vessels may indicate (17) of the arteries, and damage to tiny capillaries could be a sign of early diabetes.The doctor even examines the pin-head-size hole in the back of the optic nerve on their way to the brain. (18) the appearance of these nerve fibers is abnormal, nerve tissue may have been damaged because of intraocular pressure, indicating glaucoma or the presence of a tumor. When a physician needs quick, (19) information about the body, the eyes have (20) . Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.15（）
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药物相互作用 可保护药物免受酶破坏，从而提高疗效的联合用药是
饮食影响药品疗效的机制 服用磺胺类药后食醋
Prolonged and excessive use of alcohol can seriously undermine an individual’s health. Physical deterioration occurs. Large quantities of alcohol can directly damage body tissue and indirectly cause malnutrition. Nutritional deficiencies can result for several reasons. Alcohol contains empty calories, which have no significant nutritive value. When consumed in substantial amounts, alcohol curbs one’ s appetite for more wholesome foods. Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the proper digestion and absorption of food. Therefore, even the heavy drinker who does eat a well-balanced diet is deprived of me essential nutrients. Maintenance of a drinking habit can deplete economic resources otherwise available for buying good, wholesome food. Malnutrition itself further reduces the body’ s ability to utilize the nutrients consumed. The result of damaged tissue and malnutrition can be brain injury, heart disease, diabetes, or cancer of the liver, and weakened muscle tissue. Untreated alcoholism can reduce one’s life span by ten to twelve years. Heavy alcohol consumption also affects the body’s usage of other drugs and medications. The dosages required by excessive drinkers may differ from those required by normal or non-drinkers. Serious consequences can be incurred unless the prescribing physician is aware of the patient’s drinking habits. Sudden death may result from excessive drinking. It might occur when the individual has ingested such a large amount of alcohol that the brain center controlling breathing and heart action is adversely affected, or when taking some other drugs, particularly sleep preparations along with alcohol. Death, as a result of excessive drinking, can come during an automobile accident since half of all fatal traffic accidents involve the use of alcohol. Many self-inflicted deaths, as well as homicides, involve the use of alcohol. It is important to remember that alcohol is a drug that is potentially addictive. Once the user is hooked on alcohol, withdrawal symptoms occur when it is not sufficiently available to body cells. At the onset of developing alcohol addiction, these symptoms may be relatively mild and include hand tremors, anxiety, nausea, and sweating. As dependency increases, so does the severity of the withdrawal syndrome and the need for medical assistance to cope with it. In 1956 the American Medical Association supported the growing acceptance of alcoholism as an illness, falling under the treatment jurisdiction of the medical profession. Since then, the medical resources for problems of acute and chronic intoxication have increased and improved. Which of the following statements is false
Technologists aren’ t usually known for their sense of humor, but last week Scott McNealy, chief executive of Sun Microsystems, was working hard to come up with the Quip of the Day. For four contentious hours, he and another casualty of the software wars, Netscape’s Jim Barksdale, took turns before the Senate Judiciary committee slamming their nemesis, Bill Gates. They called him a predator, a monopolist, the "most dangerous and powerful industrialist of our age!. Microsoft’s Windows operating systems, driving 90 percent of the computers across the land, are the railroads of our dawning Information Age. No one person should be allowed to control them, they argued. Cyberspace should be open to all, Gates insisted it still was. He’s no monopolist, he told the senators. Windows is vulnerable. So is his company. "Technology is ever-changing," Gates retorted. Who knows what new wave will come along and sweep even mighty Microsoft into the dustbin of history To many that sounded a bit disingenuous, given Microsoft’s dominance, and the lawmakers were skeptical, to say the least. But might Gates be right Last week’s other big tech news gave just such a hint. First, Intel announced a surprise drop in first-quarter earnings. That was followed late Friday by report that Compaq’s financials would also be disappointing. Demand for computers seems to be slowing, analyst suggested--a trend due in part to a range of short-term factors, including Asia’s economic crisis. "I don’ t think we have clear date either as a company or an industry as to what these numbers mean," says Intel spokesman Howard High, True enough. But the slowdown is a sharp reminder that consumer demand for computers has fallen short of the hype surrounding the Info Revolution. Three years ago, 31 percent of U.S. house holds owned a computer. Today, 40 percent do. "We should be at 60 to 65 percent," says Nick Donatiello, president of Odyssey Communications, a San Francisco market-research firm. For most Americans, he suggests, the personal computer is not yet the indispensable tool that digital enthusiasts think it is. Today, new products are coming out that resemble computers but aren’t, and they may eventually appeal to frustrated consumers more than hard-to-use PCs. The computer "is a technology-driven device made by technologists for technologists who don’t know any better," says Donald Norman, senior technical adviser to Hewlett Packard. At the same time, new alliances between companies and industries are aiming to dash in on the Internet of tomorrow--without partnering with the titans of today. If all this poses a challenge for Intel, it portends even greater difficulties for Microsoft. All the challenges and threats pose a compelling question: if Microsoft enjoys the monopoly critics say it has, how long will it last What’s implied in the sentence "The computer is a technology-driven device made by technologists for technologists who don’t know any better"
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