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2009年3月1日,A公司为支付货款,向B公司签发一张金额为50万元、见票后1个月付款的银行承兑汇票。B公司取得汇票后,将汇票背书转让给C公司。C公司在汇票的背面记载“不得转让”字样后,将汇票背书转让给D公司。其后,D公司将汇票背书转让给E公司,但D公司在汇票粘单上记载“只有E公司交货后,该汇票才发生背书转让效力”。随后E公司又将汇票背书转让给F公司。 2009年3月25日,F公司持汇票向承兑人甲银行提示承兑,甲银行以A公司未足额交存票款为由拒绝承兑.且于当日签发拒绝证明。 2009年3月27日,F公司向A、B、C、D、E公司同时发出追索通知。B公司以F公司应先向C、D、E公司追索为由拒绝承担担保责任;C公司以自己在背书时记载“不得转让”字样为由拒绝承担担保责任。 要求: 根据上述情况和票据法律制度的有关规定,回答下列问题: D公司背书所附条件是否具有票据上的效力说明理由。

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Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter - culture as responsible for the decline of formal English. Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’’ s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of "whom", for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case - endings of Old English. But the cult of the authentic and the personal, "doing our own thing", has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English,talkings triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft. Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non -standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive--there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper. Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old -fashioned to most English- speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms--he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English "on paper plates instead of china". A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one. The description of Russians’’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’’ s

A. interest in their language.
B. appreciation of their efforts.
C. admiration for their memory.
D. contempt for their old -fashionedness.

Our country has many chances for adults who want to make their lives better. There are public schools you can attend. In the schools, you can take things (1) English, arithmetic and history, you can find classes in almost (2) subjects you want to study. You may want to (3) to type, sew, paint or fix TV sets. You may want to learn (4) about the trade you are already in. You may want to get a high school diploma. You may (5) want to go to college. All it takes is time and effort. In many cities, there are adult classes in (6) schools. You can attend many of these classes without (7) to pay money. In some schools you may have to pay a small fee. There are (8) many kinds of private schools for adults, where you may have to pay more money. Many job chances are (9) to those who wish to work. It helps if you know (10) than one language. There are good (11) for interpreters and typists who know English. There are many good jobs in government. In most cases, you must be a citizen of this country, and you must (12) a civil service examination. These examinations are (13) to everyone, regardless of race, religion or color. For many civil service jobs you (14) a high school diploma. The person who does not have a high school diploma can get (15) . There are several ways. You can study high school (16) at home and then take special tests. (17) you pass the tests, then you get a diploma. Or you can go to a night school. There are classes that (18) you to take special tests or get a diploma. Be as well trained as you can. Get as much training as you can. (19) knocks at every door. Be sure that when it knocks at your door, you are (20) .

A. what
B. more
C. again
D. others

Our country has many chances for adults who want to make their lives better. There are public schools you can attend. In the schools, you can take things (1) English, arithmetic and history, you can find classes in almost (2) subjects you want to study. You may want to (3) to type, sew, paint or fix TV sets. You may want to learn (4) about the trade you are already in. You may want to get a high school diploma. You may (5) want to go to college. All it takes is time and effort. In many cities, there are adult classes in (6) schools. You can attend many of these classes without (7) to pay money. In some schools you may have to pay a small fee. There are (8) many kinds of private schools for adults, where you may have to pay more money. Many job chances are (9) to those who wish to work. It helps if you know (10) than one language. There are good (11) for interpreters and typists who know English. There are many good jobs in government. In most cases, you must be a citizen of this country, and you must (12) a civil service examination. These examinations are (13) to everyone, regardless of race, religion or color. For many civil service jobs you (14) a high school diploma. The person who does not have a high school diploma can get (15) . There are several ways. You can study high school (16) at home and then take special tests. (17) you pass the tests, then you get a diploma. Or you can go to a night school. There are classes that (18) you to take special tests or get a diploma. Be as well trained as you can. Get as much training as you can. (19) knocks at every door. Be sure that when it knocks at your door, you are (20) .

A. better
B. more
C. fewer
D. less

Our country has many chances for adults who want to make their lives better. There are public schools you can attend. In the schools, you can take things (1) English, arithmetic and history, you can find classes in almost (2) subjects you want to study. You may want to (3) to type, sew, paint or fix TV sets. You may want to learn (4) about the trade you are already in. You may want to get a high school diploma. You may (5) want to go to college. All it takes is time and effort. In many cities, there are adult classes in (6) schools. You can attend many of these classes without (7) to pay money. In some schools you may have to pay a small fee. There are (8) many kinds of private schools for adults, where you may have to pay more money. Many job chances are (9) to those who wish to work. It helps if you know (10) than one language. There are good (11) for interpreters and typists who know English. There are many good jobs in government. In most cases, you must be a citizen of this country, and you must (12) a civil service examination. These examinations are (13) to everyone, regardless of race, religion or color. For many civil service jobs you (14) a high school diploma. The person who does not have a high school diploma can get (15) . There are several ways. You can study high school (16) at home and then take special tests. (17) you pass the tests, then you get a diploma. Or you can go to a night school. There are classes that (18) you to take special tests or get a diploma. Be as well trained as you can. Get as much training as you can. (19) knocks at every door. Be sure that when it knocks at your door, you are (20) .

A. prepare
B. ready
C. studying
D. waiting

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