Not all decisions are alike. Nor is every decision made in the same manner. Although some actions you undertake derive their basis from newly made decisions, there are other instances when decision-making does not really take place. The latter, according to Deacon and Firebaugh, may involve routine, programmed, impulsive or intuitive action. When you wake up in the morning and prepare to attend class, do you consciously make decisions about such things as which side of your hair to comb first, how to brush your teeth, or which shoe to put on first Probably not. Although you may have made a conscious decision about what you were going to wear to class, you probably didn’t spend any time in making a decision about how to get ready to attend class. Every individual has certain habits or routine behaviors. Although they originated from decisions made at an earlier time in your life, you no longer consciously make these decisions each time you undertake this type of action. Routine plans or actions serve a useful purpose in your daily life and management. How long would it take you to get up, get ready, and walk to class if you had to make separate decisions for each action you take You use routine plans or action resources to make new decisions. In addition to the habitual behaviors or routines you follow, you also have certain specific actions you undertake in a given situation. These are called programmed decisions. Programmed decisions are different from routines. Routine plans or actions are patterns of behavioral actions repeatedly undertaken on a consistent and regular basis. Programmed decisions, on the other hand, utilize your past experience in a similar situation. For instance, you know you are going to have a test. Your method of studying for this test will be done using your knowledge of a similar experience. The degree of success previously achieved will be a determinant in how, when, where, and the length of time you study for this test. Programmed decisions, like routines, are a resource in your management. When the action undertaken proves to be successful, you repeat the same action the next time when a similar situation occurs. This successful achievement, measured by the satisfaction you received, determines when and the extent to which you modify the original decision before employing it again in other like situations. Both routine and programmed decisions serve useful purposes. They act as resources by eliminating the need to make new decisions. They also evaluate managerial action. The success you achieve enables you to bypass or minimize the use of the decision-making process. People may spend time in making decisions about______.
A. how to prepare to go to school
B. how to have the breakfast
C. what clothes to wear to class
D. which shoe to put on first
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Questions 11~13 are based on a conversation between two college classmates, You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11~13. Which region’s population of the following is growing fastest
A. Latin America.
B. North America.
C. South America.
D. Central America.
Not all decisions are alike. Nor is every decision made in the same manner. Although some actions you undertake derive their basis from newly made decisions, there are other instances when decision-making does not really take place. The latter, according to Deacon and Firebaugh, may involve routine, programmed, impulsive or intuitive action. When you wake up in the morning and prepare to attend class, do you consciously make decisions about such things as which side of your hair to comb first, how to brush your teeth, or which shoe to put on first Probably not. Although you may have made a conscious decision about what you were going to wear to class, you probably didn’t spend any time in making a decision about how to get ready to attend class. Every individual has certain habits or routine behaviors. Although they originated from decisions made at an earlier time in your life, you no longer consciously make these decisions each time you undertake this type of action. Routine plans or actions serve a useful purpose in your daily life and management. How long would it take you to get up, get ready, and walk to class if you had to make separate decisions for each action you take You use routine plans or action resources to make new decisions. In addition to the habitual behaviors or routines you follow, you also have certain specific actions you undertake in a given situation. These are called programmed decisions. Programmed decisions are different from routines. Routine plans or actions are patterns of behavioral actions repeatedly undertaken on a consistent and regular basis. Programmed decisions, on the other hand, utilize your past experience in a similar situation. For instance, you know you are going to have a test. Your method of studying for this test will be done using your knowledge of a similar experience. The degree of success previously achieved will be a determinant in how, when, where, and the length of time you study for this test. Programmed decisions, like routines, are a resource in your management. When the action undertaken proves to be successful, you repeat the same action the next time when a similar situation occurs. This successful achievement, measured by the satisfaction you received, determines when and the extent to which you modify the original decision before employing it again in other like situations. Both routine and programmed decisions serve useful purposes. They act as resources by eliminating the need to make new decisions. They also evaluate managerial action. The success you achieve enables you to bypass or minimize the use of the decision-making process. People’s decision of the method of studying for a test originates from ______.
A. habitual behaviors
B. programmed decisions
C. impulsive actions
D. intuitive actions
境内上市公司所属企业申请境外上市,要求上市公司最近一个会计年度合并报表中按权益享有的所属企业的净利润不得超过上市公司合并报表的净利润的30%。( )
A. 对
B. 错
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully (21) only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems inhibited, (22) embarrassed. You have only to (23) a commuter train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. (24) ,there is here an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, (25) broken, makes the person immediately the object of (26) It is a well-known fact that the English have a (27) for the discussion of their weather and that, given half a chance, they will talk about it (28) Some people argue that it is because English weather (29) forecast and hence is a source of interest and (30) to everyone. This may be so. (31) Englishmen cannot have much (32) in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong (33) a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate — or as inaccurate—as the weathermen in his (34) The overseas visitors may be excused for showing surprise at the number of references (35) weather that the English make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (36) by comments on the weather. "Nice day, isn’t it Beautiful!" may well be heard instead of "Good morning, how are you" (37) the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. (38) he wants to start a conversation with an Englishman but is (39) to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (40) an answer from even the most reserved of Englishmen.
A. Obviously
B. Contrarily
C. Frequently
D. Practically