题目内容
Passage Two Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3～21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded ( 发展迟缓的 ), learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deal visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging. A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations". Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative ( 比喻的 ) language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners. The word "impairment" (Line 2, Para. 1 ) probably means ______.
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案情：A房地产公司(下称A公司)与B建筑公司(下称B公司)达成一项协议，由B公司为A公司承建一栋商品房。合同约定，标的总额6000万元，8个月交工，任何一方违约，按合同总标的额20%，支付违约金。合同签订后，为筹集工程建设资金，A公司用其建设用地使用权作抵押向甲银行贷款3000万元，乙公司为此笔贷款承担保证责任，但对保证方式未作约定。 B公司未经A公司同意，将部分施工任务交给丙建筑公司施工，该公司由张、李、王三人合伙出资组成。施工中，工人刘某不慎掉落手中的砖头，将路过工地的行人陈某砸成重伤，花去医药费5000元。 A公司在施工开始后即进行商品房预售。丁某购买了1号楼101号房屋，预交了5万元房款，约定该笔款项作为定金。但不久，A公司又与汪某签订了一份合同，将上述房屋卖给了汪某，并在房屋竣工后将该房的产权证办理给了汪某。汪某不知该房已经卖给丁某的事实。 汪某人住后，全家人出现皮肤瘙痒、流泪、头晕目眩等不适。经检测，发现室内甲醛等化学指标严重超标。但购房合同中未对化学指标作明确约定。 因A公司不能偿还甲银行贷款，甲银行欲对A公司开发的商品房行使抵押权。 问题： 对于陈某的赔偿，应当适用何种归责原则依据是什么
案情：A房地产公司(下称A公司)与B建筑公司(下称B公司)达成一项协议，由B公司为A公司承建一栋商品房。合同约定，标的总额6000万元，8个月交工，任何一方违约，按合同总标的额20%，支付违约金。合同签订后，为筹集工程建设资金，A公司用其建设用地使用权作抵押向甲银行贷款3000万元，乙公司为此笔贷款承担保证责任，但对保证方式未作约定。 B公司未经A公司同意，将部分施工任务交给丙建筑公司施工，该公司由张、李、王三人合伙出资组成。施工中，工人刘某不慎掉落手中的砖头，将路过工地的行人陈某砸成重伤，花去医药费5000元。 A公司在施工开始后即进行商品房预售。丁某购买了1号楼101号房屋，预交了5万元房款，约定该笔款项作为定金。但不久，A公司又与汪某签订了一份合同，将上述房屋卖给了汪某，并在房屋竣工后将该房的产权证办理给了汪某。汪某不知该房已经卖给丁某的事实。 汪某人住后，全家人出现皮肤瘙痒、流泪、头晕目眩等不适。经检测，发现室内甲醛等化学指标严重超标。但购房合同中未对化学指标作明确约定。 因A公司不能偿还甲银行贷款，甲银行欲对A公司开发的商品房行使抵押权。 问题： 如果A公司不能向B公司支付工程款，B公司可对A公司提出什么请求
材料： 案例一：2005年9月15日，B市的家庭主妇张某在家中利用计算机ADSL拨号上网，以E话通的方式，使用视频与多人共同进行“裸聊”被公安机关查获。对于本案，B市S区检察院以聚众淫乱罪向S区法院提起公诉，后又撤回起诉。 案例二：从2006年11月到2007年5月，Z省L县的无业女子方某在网上从事有偿“裸聊”，“裸聊”对象遍及全国22个省、自治区、直辖市，在电脑上查获的聊天记录就有300多人，网上银行汇款记录1000余次，获利2.4万元。对于本案，Z省L县检察院以传播淫秽物品牟利罪起诉，L县法院以传播淫秽物品牟利罪判处方某有期徒刑6个月，缓刑1年，并处罚金5000元。 关于上述两个网上“裸聊”案，在司法机关处理过程中，对于张某和方某的行为如何定罪存在以下三种意见：第一种意见认为应定传播淫秽物品罪(张某)或者传播淫秽物品牟利罪(方某)；第二种意见认为应定聚众淫乱罪；第三种意见认为“裸聊”不构成犯罪。 答题要求： 1．在综合分析基础上，提出观点并运用法学知识阐述理由； 2．观点明确，论证充分，逻辑严谨，文字通顺； 3．不少于500字，不必重复案情。 《刑法》参考条文： 第三条法律明文规定为犯罪行为的，依照法律定罪处刑；法律没有明文规定为犯罪行为的，不得定罪处刑。 第三百六十三条(第一款) 以牟利为目的，制作、复制、出版、贩卖、传播淫秽物品的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，并处罚金；情节严重的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，并处罚金；情节特别严重的，处十年以上有期徒刑或者无期徒刑，并处罚金或者没收财产。 第三百六十四条(第一款) 传播淫秽的书刊、影片、音像、图片或者其他淫秽物品，情节严重的，处二年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制。 第三百零一条(第一款) 聚众进行淫乱活动的，对首要分子或者多次参加的，处五年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制。 第三百六十七条 本法所称淫秽物品，是指具体描绘性行为或者露骨宣扬色情的诲淫性的书刊、影片、录像带、录音带、图片及其他淫秽物品。 有关人体生理、医学知识的科学著作不是淫秽物品。 包含有色情内容的有艺术价值的文学、艺术作品不视为淫秽物品。 问题2： 根据罪刑法定原则，评述上述两个网上“裸聊”案的处理结果
Passage One Among all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood. There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee ( 黑猩猩 ), the orangutan ( 猩猩), the gorilla (大猩猩), and the gibbon (长臂猿). They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do not walk on the ground very much. However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel very quickly from tree to tree. These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more than a night or two. Than they move on to look for more food. There are some differences among the following three kinds of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and weighs only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weighs up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is smaller than the gorilla. It stands three to five feet tall and weighs up to 200 pounds. Chimpanzees are the smartest of all apes. They can be taught to sit at a table and eat, to dress themselves, and to do things that human children can do. The last paragraph tells us that ______.
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