题目内容
People from other countries often take America as the "land of opportunity". Americans, too, believe that the country gives no end of chances to those who want to open their own businesses in this amazing place. Today, many Americans are still trying hard to become small business people, although only one out of two remains in operation after the first two years.Many people start their small businesses for the wrong reasons. They want to get away from the paper work of their present jobs or to exchange the responsibility of their present jobs for free life styles. But more, not less, paper work and responsibility come with ownership of a small business.Thomas is the owner of the news magazine Mother Earth, which is now quite successful. He says that he had to work sixty hours without stopping when he was trying to bring out the first issue.Thomas had waited for years after he came up with the idea for Mother Earth. During that period of time, he collected as much information as he could about his business. He borrowed books from the library, talked to successful people in the field, and began planning carefully the amount of money and the kinds and numbers of supplies he would probably need. When he finally opened with a capital of $1,500, he set up his office in the kitchen and his printing press in the garage. Owing to his devotion to business, his talent, and his skill in management, Mother Earth now has a circulation of 300,000.Not all small businesses are doing as fine as Mother Earth is 50% of the 450,000 that start in America every year far. Still, 95% businesses in the US can be called "small". Altogether these businesses amount to 40% of America"s gross national product. What preparations did Thomas make before he started his business
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In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn"t win the contest again That"s the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.A revelation came last week when I asked her, "Don"t you want to win again" "No," she replied, "I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade."If that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly "guided" by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had mined her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter"s experience.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough a way to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices. What"s the author"s advice for parents
I"m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today"s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are America"s kids so stressed The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we can"t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. It"s not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn"t have to ruin your life. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ______.
I don"t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it"s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus right brain, or nature versus nurture, 1 would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don"t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn"t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist After all, I don"t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women"s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how may of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don"t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don"t tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this：the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that"s a sight worth talking about. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class
People from other countries often take America as the "land of opportunity". Americans, too, believe that the country gives no end of chances to those who want to open their own businesses in this amazing place. Today, many Americans are still trying hard to become small business people, although only one out of two remains in operation after the first two years.Many people start their small businesses for the wrong reasons. They want to get away from the paper work of their present jobs or to exchange the responsibility of their present jobs for free life styles. But more, not less, paper work and responsibility come with ownership of a small business.Thomas is the owner of the news magazine Mother Earth, which is now quite successful. He says that he had to work sixty hours without stopping when he was trying to bring out the first issue.Thomas had waited for years after he came up with the idea for Mother Earth. During that period of time, he collected as much information as he could about his business. He borrowed books from the library, talked to successful people in the field, and began planning carefully the amount of money and the kinds and numbers of supplies he would probably need. When he finally opened with a capital of $1,500, he set up his office in the kitchen and his printing press in the garage. Owing to his devotion to business, his talent, and his skill in management, Mother Earth now has a circulation of 300,000.Not all small businesses are doing as fine as Mother Earth is 50% of the 450,000 that start in America every year far. Still, 95% businesses in the US can be called "small". Altogether these businesses amount to 40% of America"s gross national product. Thomas" success can be attributed to ______.
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