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In some countries, societal and familial treatment of the elderly usually reflects a great degree of independence and individualism. 61) Their financial support is often provided by social security of welfare systems, which decrease dependence on their family. Additionally, older people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children. Senior citizens centers provide a means for peer-group association within one’s own age groups. There are problems, however, with growing old in the United States. 62) Glorification of youth and indifference to the aged have left many older people alienated and alone.Some families send their older relatives to nursing homes rather than integrate them into the homes of the children or grandchildren. This separation of the elderly from the young has contributed to the isolation of an increasingly large segment of society. 63) On the other hand, there are many older people who choose to live in retirement communities where they have the companionship of other older people and the convenience of many recreational and social activities close to home.The treatment of the elderly can be further understood by distinguishing between nuclear and extended family structures. In the United States the nuclear family, which consists of the father, the mother, and the children, is considered "the family". The extended family, common in other cultures, includes grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, nieces, and in-laws. The distinction between the nuclear and extended family is important because it suggests the extent of family ties and obligations. In extended families the children and parents have strong ties and obligations to relatives. It is common in these families to support older family members to have intensive contact with relatives, and to establish communal housing.The American nuclear family usually has its own separate residence and is economically independent of other family members. 64) Relatives are still considered "family" but are often outside the basic obligations that people have to their immediate families. When couples marry, they are expected to live independently of their parents and become "heads of households" when they have children. 65) It is not unusual in times of financial need for nuclear family members to borrow money from a bank rather than from relatives. Grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, then, are not directly involved in the same way as they would be in an extended family structure. It is not unusual in times of financial need for nuclear family members to borrow money from a bank rather than from relatives.

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In some countries, societal and familial treatment of the elderly usually reflects a great degree of independence and individualism. 61) Their financial support is often provided by social security of welfare systems, which decrease dependence on their family. Additionally, older people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children. Senior citizens centers provide a means for peer-group association within one’s own age groups. There are problems, however, with growing old in the United States. 62) Glorification of youth and indifference to the aged have left many older people alienated and alone.Some families send their older relatives to nursing homes rather than integrate them into the homes of the children or grandchildren. This separation of the elderly from the young has contributed to the isolation of an increasingly large segment of society. 63) On the other hand, there are many older people who choose to live in retirement communities where they have the companionship of other older people and the convenience of many recreational and social activities close to home.The treatment of the elderly can be further understood by distinguishing between nuclear and extended family structures. In the United States the nuclear family, which consists of the father, the mother, and the children, is considered "the family". The extended family, common in other cultures, includes grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, nieces, and in-laws. The distinction between the nuclear and extended family is important because it suggests the extent of family ties and obligations. In extended families the children and parents have strong ties and obligations to relatives. It is common in these families to support older family members to have intensive contact with relatives, and to establish communal housing.The American nuclear family usually has its own separate residence and is economically independent of other family members. 64) Relatives are still considered "family" but are often outside the basic obligations that people have to their immediate families. When couples marry, they are expected to live independently of their parents and become "heads of households" when they have children. 65) It is not unusual in times of financial need for nuclear family members to borrow money from a bank rather than from relatives. Grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, then, are not directly involved in the same way as they would be in an extended family structure. Glorification of youth and indifference to the aged have left many older people alienated and alone.

It is a commonplace among moralists that you cannot get happiness by pursuing it. This is only true if you pursue it (62) . Gamblers at Monte Carlo are pursuing money, and most of them lose it instead, (63) there are other ways of pursuing money, which often succeed. (64) it is with happiness. If you pursue it by (65) of drink, you are forgetting the hang-over (宿醉). Greek philosopher Epicurus pursued it by living only in congenial (趣味相投的) society and eating only dry bread, supplemented by a little cheese on feast days. His method (66) successful in his case, but he was a sick and weak man, and most people would need something more (67) . For most people, the pursuit of happiness, (68) supplemented in various ways, is too abstract and theoretical to be adequate as a personal rule of life. But I think that whatever personal rule of life you may choose it should, except in rare and heroic cases, be compatible (69) happiness. There are a great many people who have all the (70) conditions of happiness, i.e. health and a sufficient income, and who, (71) , are profoundly unhappy. In such cases it would seem as if the (72) must lie with a wrong theory as to how to live. In one (73) , we may say that any theory as to how to live is wrong. We imagine ourselves more different from the animals than we are. Animals live on (74) , and are happy as long as external conditions are (75) . If you have a cat it will enjoy life if it has food and warmth and opportunities for an (76) night on the tiles. Your needs are more complex than those of your cat, but they still have their basis in instinct. In civilized societies, (77) in English-speaking societies, this is too (78) to be forgotten. People propose to themselves some one paramount (最 高的) objective, and (79) all impulses that do not minister to it. A businessman may be so anxious to grow rich that to this end he sacrifices health and private (80) . When at last he has become rich, no pleasure remains to him except harrying (折 磨) other people by exhortations (训词) to (81) his noble example.

A. uncommon
B. occasional
C. incidental
D. accidental

试述当代中国的法律解释体制。 要求:观点明确,说理充分,条理清晰,语言规范、流畅。

Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome. I’m sure we have all heard the expression "Think Green". Tonight we are going to talk about ways that we can "Act Green" in our everyday lives.The best place to start, of course, is in the home. Every day, people all over the world are hurting the environment without even knowing it. For example, busy families buy paper napkins and plastic food wrap at the supermarket. This helps them save time on housework, but after these things have been used, what happens to them They are thrown away. What can we do about thisWell, we can start by using cloth napkins and cloth towels instead of paper towels. When we go grocery shopping, we can choose products that are not too packaged. We should also take our own bags to the grocery store to carry filings home in.How about in the community At work and school, we use one valuable item every day, paper. Of course, we need paper to do our work, but how much do we waste Get your school or office to recycle paper. Perhaps, the most important thing we should do is to ask our schools to teach recycling ’to young children. We should teach them to be careful; we should teach them not to litter. We should also teach them by being good role models and recycling as much as we can every day. Finally, plant trees. Plant a tree, each person, each year. As a great amount of paper is consumed at work and school, the speaker calls on people to ().

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