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Current new weight-loss drugs are not ______ for long-term use because they can give greater weight loss with more side effects.
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案例分析题Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage.Dreams have always held a universal fascination. Some primitive societies believe that the soul leaves the body and visits the scene of the dream. Generally, however, dreams are accepted to be illusions, having much in common with day dreams—the fantasies of our waking life. When dreaming, however, one tends to believe fully in the reality of the dream world, however inconsistent, illogical and odd it may be.Although most dreams apparently happen spontaneously, dream activity maybe provoked by external influences. "Suffocation" dreams are connected with the breathing difficulties of a heavy cold, for instance. Internal disorders such as indigestion can cause vivid dreams, and dreams of racing fire-engines may be caused by the ringing of an alarm bell.Experiments have been carried out to investigate the connection between deliberately inflicted pain and dreaming. For example, a sleeper pricked with a pin perhaps dreams of fighing a battle and receiving a severe sword wounD．Although the dream is stimulated by the physical discomfort, the actual events of the dream depend on the associations of the discomfort in the mind of the sleeper.A dreamer’s eyes often move rapidly from side to side. Since people born blind do not dream visually and do not manifest this eye activity, it is thought that the dreamer may be scanning the scene depicted in his dream. A certain amount of dreaming seems to be a human requirement-if a sleeper is roused every time his eyes begin to move fast, effectively depriving him of his dreams, he will make more eye movements the following night.People differ greatly in their claims to dreaming. Some say they dream every night, others only very occasionally, individual differences probably exist, but some people immediately forget dreams and others have good recall.Superstition and magical practices thrive on the supposed power of dreams to foretell the future. Instances of dreams which have later turned out to be prophetic have often been recorded, some by men of the highest intellectual integrity. Although it is better to keep an open mind on the subject, it is true that the alleged power of dreams to predict future events still remains unproveD．Everyone knows that a sleeping dog often behaves as though he were dreaming, but it is impossible to tell what his whines and twitches really mean. By analogy with human experience, however, it is reasonable to suppose that at least the higher animals are capable of dreaming.Of the many theories of dreams, Freud’s is probably the best known. According to Freud, we revert in our dreams to the modes of thought characteristic of early childhooD．Our thinking becomes concrete, pictorial and non-logic, and expresses ideas and wishes we are no longer conscious of. Dreams are absurd and unaccountable because out conscious mind, not willing to acknowledge our subconscious ideas, disguises them. Some of Freud’s interpretations are extremely fanciful, but there is almost certainly some truth in his view that dreams express the subconscious minD． According to the passage, indigestion（）
If you want to go to the City Hall from there, take the No. 35 bus.（）
案例分析题Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage.What is intelligence, anyway When I was in the army, I received a kind of aptitude test that all soldiers took and, against a normal of 100, scored 160. No one at the base had ever seen a figure like that, and for two hours they made a big fuss over me. (It didn’t mean anything. The next day I was still a buck private with KP—kitchen police—as my highest duty. )All my life I’ve been registering scores like that, so that I have the complacent feeling that I’m highly intelligent, and I expect other people to think so, too. Actually, though, don’t such scores simply mean that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions that are considered worthy of answers by the people who make up the intelligence tests—people with intellectual bents similar to mineFor instance, I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence teste, could not possibly have scored more than 80, by my estimate. I always took it for granted that I was far more intelligent than he was. Yet, when anything went wrong with my car I hastened to him with it, watched him anxiously as he explored its vitals, and listened to his pronouncements as though they were divine oracles—and he always fixed my car.Well, then, suppose my auto-repair man devised questions for an intelligence test.Or suppose a carpenter did, or a farmer, or, indeed, almost anyone but an academician. By every one of those thests, I’d prove myself a moron. And I’d be a moron, too. In the world where I could not use my academic training and my verbal talents but had to do something intricate or hard, working with my hands, I would do poorly. My intelligence, then, is not absolute but is a function of the society I live in and of the fact that a small subsection of that society has managed to foist itself on the rest as an arbiter of such matters.Consider my auto-repair man, again. He had a habit of telling me jokes whenever he saw me. One time he raised his head from under the automobile hood to say: "Doc, a deaf-and-mute guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails. He put two fingers together on the counter and made hammering motions with the other hanD．The clerk brought him a hammer. He shook his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk brought him nails. He picked out the sizes he wanted, and left. Well, doc, the next guy who came in was a blind man. He wanted scissors. How do you suppose he asked for them"In dulgently, I lifted my fight hand and made scissoring motions with my first two fingers. Whereupon my auto-repair man laughed and said, "Why, you dumb jerk, he used his voice and asked for them. " Then he said smugly, "I’ve been trying that on all my customers today. " "Did you catch many" I askeD．"Quite a few," he said, "but I knew for sure I’d catch you. " "Why is that" I askeD．"Because you’re so goddamned educated, Doc, I knew you couldn’t be very smart. "And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there. By calling his assignment to KP as "my highest duty", the author suggests that（）
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