南方A市西湖糖业公司与北方B市建国烟酒糖茶销售公司签订了一份买卖合同,双方约定:西湖公司供给建国公司白糖30吨,每吨5000元人民币,由西湖公司办理托运事宜,并于2004年3月25日前运至B市火车站交货,届时建国公司前去提货。合同签订后,西湖公司即据此与当地铁路局签订了运输合同。3月25日,铁路局将货物运到了B市火车站,但建国公司直至4月5日才去提货,验收时发现货物短少1000公斤,且有2吨因为与冻鱼同一车皮运输,被融化的鱼腥水污染。经查,货物1000公斤的短少是由于运输过程中白糖自身的自然性质造成的,由此损失应由谁承担( )
A. 由铁路局承担
B. 由西湖糖业公司承担
C. 由建国烟酒糖茶销售公司承担
D. 由三方分担
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Passage 2 The second area I want to focus on is what we know we do not know. In other words, the uncertainties related to the further opening of China’s market. // Clearly, we do not know exactly how numerous industries will evolve. And it is a lack of advanced knowledge that is prompting much speculation. In the area of financial services for example, some predict that many of China’s domestic banks will have a limited life span once the market is fully opened up in five years time. // Personally, I do not share this view. I think they will be very strong competitors, partly because they are in the advantageous position of knowing the marketplace, partly because they have national networks that are impossible—not to mention impractical—to match. And partly because they have a strong base of customers and are becoming increasingly modern Consider the mainland’s largest bank, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. It recently announced that it has more than l0,000 corporations and 1.8 million individuals using its online banking services. But the main reason I think domestic banks in China will be strong competitors: they are very fast learners. // Another thing we know we do not know—and this specifically relates to Hong Kong-is the indirect benefits that will flow from a more open market in China. For example, if mainland investors are allowed to invest their foreign exchange holdings in Hong Kong, the SAR’s stock market would clearly benefit. Hong Kong’s position as a fund raising centre for mainland companies would also be enhanced. We know this idea is under consideration. We also know we do not know when it may happen. // Likewise, we know that if banks in Hong Kong are permitted to accept RMB deposits, the SAR’s status as an international financial centre and as the premier regional financial centre will be enhanced even further. Once again we know this idea is being considered, but we do not know when it may happen. // Finally, we know that we do not know how China will change the WTO. What role will the country play in shaping future trade talks Will China’s presence prompt other members to address the concerns of developing nations more readily And how will another large player at the table affect overall group dynamics// One thing that is clear: the WTO is much more of a global body now than it was prior to China’s entry. Simply put, no organization can rightly call itself global if it does not include the world’s most populous nation. // (Excerpts from "China and the WTO: the 15-year Itch" by Mr. David Eldon, Chairman of Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, at Hong Kong Association of New York breakfast meeting on April 25, 2002)
案例分析题某房地产开发公司(以下简称A公司)在某市商业街开发了一幢商品楼,售价4000元/m2。甲某选中了其中一套三居室,双方签订了购房合同并于2004年2月1日办理了付款交房的手续,并且约定1年之内办理所有权证书。甲某因公需要出国1年,为了方便房屋的维护,甲某在2004年2月18日将房屋钥匙交给A公司下属的物业处保管。3月份以后,该市的楼价大幅上涨,商品房供不应求。3月5日。A公司售楼人员乙某从物业处取走了甲某房屋钥匙,打开房门让购房者参观选购。该房屋被丙某看中,乙某以A公司名义与丙某签订了购房合同,双方于3月30日办理了交房付款手续,并于次日办理了过户登记手续。甲某于2005年5月回国后发现本属于自己的房屋已被他人居住,十分气愤,手持购房合同要求丙某腾退房屋,遭到丙某拒绝。甲某找到A公司交涉,A公司负责人表示“一房二卖”的确是自己的工作人员所为,向甲某道歉并表示愿意按照合同约定返还甲某的全部购房款及利息,但拒绝甲某要求返还房屋的请求。根据上述案例,请回答: 该房屋的所有权应当归谁为什么?
第二篇 为了成为国际一流的商业银行,今后国有商业银行必须围绕以下两个重点加快综合改革:一是进行产权制度改革,通过建立多元化股权结构,实现所有权与经营权的分离,建立起法人治理结构和现代银行制度。二是推进银行内部机制改革,强化内部管理,建立创新和激励机制,提高核心竞争力。具体包括:// ——加快体制创新。计划用5年左右时间,将不良贷款压缩到10%以内,消化财务包袱,改造成为上市的股份制银行。// ——确保新增贷款质量良好,加快存量贷款结构调整。我可以很高兴地告诉大家,工商银行住房按揭贷款余额已经超过2000亿元,成为中国最大的按揭银行。// ——加快技术创新、管理创新和金融业创新。包括建立综合业务系统、计算机集中工程、数据仓库建设等重点科技工程,搭建具有国际银行业先进水平的金融信息技术平台// 参加WTO对中国商业银行是挑战也是机遇。我们具有规模、网络、客户基础等本土化优势,加上正在进行的对银行的根本性改造,使中国商业银行屹立于世界优秀银行之林是完全可能的,我们的竞争对手只是我们自己。这次参加博鳌亚洲论坛使我们有机会同来自各国各地区的同行交流经验,切磋业务。在经历过挫折而成熟起来的亚洲金融会日趋强大以及更具竞争力 我们之间的合作前程似锦。// (中国工商银行前行长姜建清先生在2002年博鳌论坛上的发言“WTO背景下的国有商业银行改革”)
案例分析题某房地产开发公司(以下简称A公司)在某市商业街开发了一幢商品楼,售价4000元/m2。甲某选中了其中一套三居室,双方签订了购房合同并于2004年2月1日办理了付款交房的手续,并且约定1年之内办理所有权证书。甲某因公需要出国1年,为了方便房屋的维护,甲某在2004年2月18日将房屋钥匙交给A公司下属的物业处保管。3月份以后,该市的楼价大幅上涨,商品房供不应求。3月5日。A公司售楼人员乙某从物业处取走了甲某房屋钥匙,打开房门让购房者参观选购。该房屋被丙某看中,乙某以A公司名义与丙某签订了购房合同,双方于3月30日办理了交房付款手续,并于次日办理了过户登记手续。甲某于2005年5月回国后发现本属于自己的房屋已被他人居住,十分气愤,手持购房合同要求丙某腾退房屋,遭到丙某拒绝。甲某找到A公司交涉,A公司负责人表示“一房二卖”的确是自己的工作人员所为,向甲某道歉并表示愿意按照合同约定返还甲某的全部购房款及利息,但拒绝甲某要求返还房屋的请求。根据上述案例,请回答: A公司与甲某的购房合同是否有效为什么?