Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage. When was Hamburger really regarded as typical of America
A. In the Middle Ages.
B. In the 19th century.
C. In the 18th century.
D. In 1904.
It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans ’’life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death--and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand eyed ’’thing that can possibly be done for us, even if it’’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians--frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient--too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. In 1950, the U.S. spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be $ I, 540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age--say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm" have a duty to die and get out of the way" so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’’Connor is in her 7Os, and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s. These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have. Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly amd dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’’s lives. What is implied in the first sentence
Americans are better prepared for death than other people.
B. Americans enjoy a higher life quality that ever before.
C. Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.
D. Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.
2002年6月2日,某县制冷设备厂在没有领取卫生许可证的情况下,将该厂的两台冰糕机分别承包给本厂职工王某和李某。王某明知该厂在设备承包前没有领取卫生许可证,仍于承包生效后着手筹备生产所需的原料和辅料,并于一周后开始生产、销售冰糕。县卫生防疫站于 2002年6月15日接到消费者举报后,对县制冷设备厂给予警告、责令其通知有关人员立即停止生产并罚款200元的行政处罚。6月17日,县卫生防疫站在检查县制冷设备厂对行政处罚的履行情况时,发现仍在无证生产,故于次日又对其作出罚款200元、责令立即停止生产的行政处罚,并在行政处罚决定送达的同时,查封了王某承包的那台冰糕机。在此之前,县制冷设备厂曾于 4、5月份多次邀请县卫生防疫站对其试产的冰糕进行化验,均未达到食用要求。上级人民法院应在收到上诉状之日起______内作出终审裁决。
A. 1个月
B. 2个月
C. 3个月
D. 6个月