题目内容
a、任何情况下,色阶调节命令对话框中的直方图与图像/ 直方图命令中的直方图是完全一样的
b、将色阶命令对话框中输入色阶中间的灰色三角向左移动,其作用是压缩暗调层次,拉开亮调层次
c、使用色阶命令对话框右下角的黑色吸管在画面中单击,可以实现对图像的黑场定标
d、使用色阶调节命令亦可以单独针对某个通道进行层次调节
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Where do children play？ Years ago, any open field, any vacant lot, any group pf trees--these were the places where children played. As families left family farms, small towns, and the countryside, and moved into cities, the places for their children to play in became rarer. Children in the cities had few options, fewer choices of places to play.
In fact, all people's lives change a lot when they move to the city. (51) In cities, homes are built on top of one another--in enormous apartment buildings. (52) The feeling of private space and ownership no longer exists in houses literally piled one on the other.
Psychologists have been studying the changes people experience when they leave rural area and move into urban environments. On clear findings from their studies is that people need green spaces for better mental health. Children can play on paved playgrounds. That's true. However, they just don't have as much fun as children in small towns. (53) Without grass and trees and bushes and, yes, dirt and mud to get dirtyin, children miss an important part of childhood. (54) The human soul, it seems, needs to stay close to its roots.
Adults can plant lots of things like bulbs in window boxes and large containers. (55) However, tending window boxes isn't the same as being an amateur gardener and growing peas, tomatoes and salad greens in a backyard garden. The lack of green space is now recognized and understood as a problem.
(31)
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays， the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have the kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was， ~0 years ago， the average do not wish to identify themselves. "I can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day， but I don"t like to draw attention to it，" says one sales manager."People looked at me when I leave at 5 o"clock. Now， I put paperwork in my bag. People assume I"m doing extra hours at home. "
But more typical is Mark， who works as an account manager. He says， "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact， my job would be enough not only for me， but also for someone else part- time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh!" He says he has thought about going freelance but realizes that this doesn"t guarantee better working hours.
Professors Cary Cooper， occupational psycholo- gist at the University of Manchester， is the author of the annual Quality of Working Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours， and that this is having a damaging effect on their health， relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hours culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency， there is no evidence to support this. "In fact， the evidence shows that long hours make you ill. "
There am， he says， steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty."There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home early. " Prioritising work and doing essential tasks first helps， he says. He also thinks it"s time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. " By all means， show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high， people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work. "
Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agrees that communication is important. Staff need to talk to managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recongnises， however， that in many organizations the response might well be， "If you want more interests outside work， then find another job. "
She believes that senior staff have a duty to set an example. "I recently worked for a finn of solicitors where the partners started at 7:30 a. m. What kind of message is that to send to the staff？" She believes there is no shame in working sensible hours in fact quite the reserve."Some people might be in at 7. 30 am but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it difficult to achieve an eight-hour day， there is， as a last resort， the old trick of leaving your jacket on your chair and your computers switched on， even after you have left the building. "
What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day？ 查看材料
Most cities and/or states in the US collect a sales tax on almost everything you buy. When you move into a new community, it is a good idea to ask how much the local sales tax is, and what items are and are not taxable. Both taxable items and the amount of tax vary considerably from place to place, from one or two percent in some places up to eight or ten in others. The New York City sales tax, for example, is currently 8%, so if you buy a pair of $40 shoes you will actually have to pay $43.20. This makes paying and getting correct change much more difficult.
Another thing that makes service exchanges more complicated is tipping. Waiters and waitresses, cab drivers, barkers and all sorts of other people must be tipped in most places. Their employers give them low wages because it is expected that customers will make up the difference. If you don't, the service person can't earn a living. Tipping also varies from place, generally in the area of 15% of your bill(before taxes), but again you should ask local residents whom to tip and how much.
What are the two things that American people can't avoid？
______ and ______.
Passage 2
We had been wanting to expand our children"s horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we"d been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva， where we are based， we decided on a trip to Istanbul.
We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones， perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year， but thought our ll-and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.
What we didn"t foresee was the reaction of friends， who warned that we were putting our children "in danger"， referring vaguely， and most incorrectly， to disease， terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing， we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.
Friendly warnings didn"t change our planning， although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department"s list of trouble spots. We didn"t see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul， but we found the tourist areas quite safe， very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son， whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city.
Vaccinations weren"t needed for the city， but we were concerned about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth， a precaution that may seem excessive， but we all stayed healthy. Taking the advice of a friend， we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul"s major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise， strolling over the Karakoy Bridge， but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen，vendors and shoe shiners.
From a teenager and pre-teen"s view， Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar， where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.
For our two， whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques， it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira， not a small matter with its many zeros.
Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques， especially the enormous Blue Mosque， was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children"s curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city， and the scarves covering the heads of many women. Navigating meals can be troublesome with children， but a kebab， bought on the street or in restaurants， was unfailing!y popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets， kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults" desire to try something new amid children"s insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually， we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.
Although our sons had studied Islam briefly， it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up， such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi， the Ottoman Sultans"palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself， using our guidebook， which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time， we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.
On this trip， we wandered through the magnificent complex， with its imperial treasures， its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily left to a learned third party.
Why did the couple choose Istanbul as their first holiday destination？ 查看材料
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