Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey"s application to join the European Union, to be (1)_____ on by the EU"s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic—in particular, the country"s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. (2)_____ it is not far off that of Latvia—one of the ten new members which (3)_____ on May 1st 2004, and it is much the same as (4)_____ of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded (5)_____ talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007. (6)_____, the country"s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, stunning. GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a (7)_____ of growth that no EU country comes close to (8)_____. Turkey"s (9)_____ rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country (10)_____ agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic program that will help Turkey (11)_____ inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy"s resilience. Resilience has not historically been the country"s economic strong point. (12)_____, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram (13)_____ a violent heart attack. This (14)_____ has been one of the main reasons why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual (15)_____ have scarcely ever reached $1 billion. One deterrent to foreign investors is due to (16)_____ on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six zeros will be removed from the face value of the lira(里拉,货币单位); one unit of the local (17)_____ will henceforth be worth what 1 million are now—i.e., about 0.53 (0.53欧元). Goods will have to be (18)_____ in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, (19)_____ foreign bankers and (20)_____ can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.
A. claimed
B. reached
C. concluded
D. achieved
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Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey"s application to join the European Union, to be (1)_____ on by the EU"s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic—in particular, the country"s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. (2)_____ it is not far off that of Latvia—one of the ten new members which (3)_____ on May 1st 2004, and it is much the same as (4)_____ of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded (5)_____ talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007. (6)_____, the country"s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, stunning. GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a (7)_____ of growth that no EU country comes close to (8)_____. Turkey"s (9)_____ rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country (10)_____ agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic program that will help Turkey (11)_____ inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy"s resilience. Resilience has not historically been the country"s economic strong point. (12)_____, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram (13)_____ a violent heart attack. This (14)_____ has been one of the main reasons why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual (15)_____ have scarcely ever reached $1 billion. One deterrent to foreign investors is due to (16)_____ on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six zeros will be removed from the face value of the lira(里拉,货币单位); one unit of the local (17)_____ will henceforth be worth what 1 million are now—i.e., about 0.53 (0.53欧元). Goods will have to be (18)_____ in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, (19)_____ foreign bankers and (20)_____ can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.
A. inflows
B. imports
C. exports
D. outputs
Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey"s application to join the European Union, to be (1)_____ on by the EU"s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic—in particular, the country"s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. (2)_____ it is not far off that of Latvia—one of the ten new members which (3)_____ on May 1st 2004, and it is much the same as (4)_____ of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded (5)_____ talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007. (6)_____, the country"s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, stunning. GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a (7)_____ of growth that no EU country comes close to (8)_____. Turkey"s (9)_____ rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country (10)_____ agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic program that will help Turkey (11)_____ inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy"s resilience. Resilience has not historically been the country"s economic strong point. (12)_____, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram (13)_____ a violent heart attack. This (14)_____ has been one of the main reasons why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual (15)_____ have scarcely ever reached $1 billion. One deterrent to foreign investors is due to (16)_____ on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six zeros will be removed from the face value of the lira(里拉,货币单位); one unit of the local (17)_____ will henceforth be worth what 1 million are now—i.e., about 0.53 (0.53欧元). Goods will have to be (18)_____ in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, (19)_____ foreign bankers and (20)_____ can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.
A. mobility
B. flexibility
C. stability
D. irregularity
Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey"s application to join the European Union, to be (1)_____ on by the EU"s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic—in particular, the country"s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. (2)_____ it is not far off that of Latvia—one of the ten new members which (3)_____ on May 1st 2004, and it is much the same as (4)_____ of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded (5)_____ talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007. (6)_____, the country"s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, stunning. GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a (7)_____ of growth that no EU country comes close to (8)_____. Turkey"s (9)_____ rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country (10)_____ agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic program that will help Turkey (11)_____ inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy"s resilience. Resilience has not historically been the country"s economic strong point. (12)_____, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram (13)_____ a violent heart attack. This (14)_____ has been one of the main reasons why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual (15)_____ have scarcely ever reached $1 billion. One deterrent to foreign investors is due to (16)_____ on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six zeros will be removed from the face value of the lira(里拉,货币单位); one unit of the local (17)_____ will henceforth be worth what 1 million are now—i.e., about 0.53 (0.53欧元). Goods will have to be (18)_____ in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, (19)_____ foreign bankers and (20)_____ can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.
A. inflation
B. interest
C. investment
D. tariff
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G. Some of the paragraphs have been placed for you. (10 points)A. As a science, management entails the use of organized knowledge. Many of the things managers do are a result of information obtained through formal research and study. One area in which a great deal has been done is quantitative decision making or, as it is known today, management science. We know that by using certain mathematical formulas we can control inventory and project demand more accurately than by merely using trial and error.B. Management is the process of getting things done through people. We know that part of this process is carried out with the development of an organization structure.C. Yet management is also an art. Through experience the manager develops judgment and intuition, subjective factors that are useful in evaluation situations. For example, the manager may have to choose between two strategies, A and B, All research and study may indicate that neither of the two is any better than the other.D. Effective management is a combination of art and science. Neither should be ignored; neither ought to be relied on exclusively. In getting things done through people, management must seek the right blend of art and science. At the upper levels of the hierarchy there will be more emphasis on the former; at the lower levels there will be more emphasis on the latter.E. How do managers succeed in getting things done through people In order to answer this question it is necessary to break down the manager"s job into its basic duties or functions. Management entails planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. By performing web in each of these areas the manager can get things done through people.F. However, what if the manager chooses strategy A on the basis of intuition and proves to be right In this case it is difficult to say precisely why the manager was able to choose so well, but there must be some special ability he or she has. This same type of ability is useful in managing people. Effective managers know when to flatter their subordinates and when to be stern. Such human behavior skills cannot be quantified; they can only be learned through experience and training.G. However, there is more to management than just organizing the people and the work. Objectives must be set, plans formulated, people directed, and operations controlled. In making the necessary decisions, management must rely on all the skills at its command. As a result, management is both a science and an art.Order: B is the first paragraph and E is the last.