题目内容
Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, but people now live longer than they 【C1】______. Yet, all living things still show the【C2】______of aging, which will eventually【C3】______death.
Aging is not a disease, but as a person passes maturity, the cells of the body and the【C4】______they form. do not function as well as they【C5】______in childhood and adolescence (青春期), The body provides less【C6】______against disease and is more inclined【C7】______accident.
A number of related causes may【C8】______aging. Some cells of the body have a fairly long life, but they are not【C9】______when they die. As a person ages,【C10】______of brain cells and muscle cells decreases.【C11】______body cells die and are replaced by new cells. In an aging person the【C12】______cells may not be as viable (能生存的)or as capable【C13】______growth as those of a young person.
Another【C14】______in aging may be changes within the cells【C15】______. Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known【C16】______with age and become less elastic. This is why the skin of the old people wrinkles and【C17】______. This is also the reason old people【C18】______in height. There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and【C19】______information that the cells need. Aging may affect this【C20】______and change the information-carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.
【C1】
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听力原文：W: Could you tell me the starting time for both performances？
M: The first begins at 7:15 and will last one hour and 45 minutes. The second follows immediately after the first.
Q: At approximately what time does the second show start？
(13)
A．To make him uncomfortable.B．To cause evil spirits discomfort.C．To defeat evil spirit
A．Twice.B．Three times.C．Six times.D．Seven times.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
A major reason that most experts today support concepts such as a youth service bureau is that traditional correctional practices fail to rehabilitate (使恢复正常生活) many delinquent youths. It has been estimated that as many as 70 percent of such youths are involved in new offenses following their release. Contemporary correctional institutions are usually isolated—geographically and socially—from the communities in which most of delinquent youths live. In addition, rehabilitative programmes focus on the individual delinquent rather than the environmental conditions which foster delinquency.
Finally, many institutions do not play a supportive role on behalf of those committed to their care. They fail to do anything constructive about the back-home conditions—family, school, work—faced by the young criminals. As a result, too often institutionalization (将某人收入社会福利机构) serves as a barrier to the successful return of them to their communities.
Perhaps the most serious consequence of sending youths to large, centralized institutions, however, is that too frequently they serve as a training ground for criminal careers. The classic example of the adult offender who leaves prison more knowledgeable in the ways of crime than when he entered is no less true of the juvenile committed to a correctional facility.The failures of traditional correctional institutions point to the need for the development of a full range of strategies and treatment techniques as alternatives to imprisonment.
Most experts today favour the use of small, decentralized correctional programmes located in or close to communities where the young offender lives. Vocational training, job placement services, remedial education activities, and street-working programs are among the community-based activities available for working with the delinquent and potentially delinquent.
Over and above all the human factors cited, the case for community-based programmes is further strengthened when cost is considered. The most recent figures show that more than ＄258 million is being spent annually on public institutions for delinquent youths. The average annual operating cost for each imprisoned youth is estimated at a little over ＄5,000, significantly more than the cost of sending a boy or a girl to the best private college for the same period of time.
Which of the following is true of contemporary correctional institutions？
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