Foreign exchange markets are electronic communication systems that (56) major financial centers throughout the world. Exchange rates are determined (57) supply and demand relationships, relative interest rate levels, relative (58) of inflation, political risk, and economic risk. Alternatives (59) affecting settlement of purchase and sales claims were explored (60) with the instruments available to exporters and importers for financing their international activities.
A. with
B. by
C. in
D. through
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In the simplest form of international trade, the open-account basis, banks actually have only a simple transactions role. In the open-account basis, the importer and exporter are well known to each other and probably have established a successful working relationship. The importer orders goods and promptly pays for them when the goods and title thereto are received. Almost as simple is the foreign collection basis, in which a bank is used to transmit collected funds. Before the goods it has bought can be shipped, the importer must place funds with its bank so that the exporter is assured that payment will be made with collected funds. In this instance, the bank is merely an agent and not a lender. In open-account basis the importer and exporter have established a successful working relationship.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Doesn’t say
Fractional reserve banking is the practice of keeping only a traction of deposits in the form of reserves. Depository institutions (commercial banks, savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, and credit unions) are able to do this because only a small fraction of their depositors is expected to turn up during any given day or week to withdraw their deposits. The bulk of deposits is invested in financial assets, from which the depository institutions earn most of their income. Those income-earning financial assets range from bills, notes, and bonds issued by private corporations and by the federal, state, and municipal governments to mortgage loans for housing. Each type of financial institution has a different type of portfolio of assets, which reflects their area of special expertise in managing financial assets. To demonstrate how depository institutions create money under the present system of fractional reserve banking, hypothetical example of a commercial bank, Southwest National Bank, will be used. It is assumed that federal regulations require Southwest National Bank to hold a percentage of its deposits in the form of cash reserves. This is the reserve requirement. The reserves may be held in the form of currency and coin on the premises, a form of reserves called vault cash, or they may be held in a deposit at a regional Federal Reserve Bank. Assume that the Southwest National Bank management, taking into account the reserve requirement and the projected amount of withdrawals arid deposits, decides to keep 20 percent of its deposits in rescues. How can we know the management of financial assets
A. From the assets’ area of special expertise.
B. From the portfolio of the assets.
C. From the scale of the assets.
D. From the reserve banks.
Foreign exchange markets are electronic communication systems that (56) major financial centers throughout the world. Exchange rates are determined (57) supply and demand relationships, relative interest rate levels, relative (58) of inflation, political risk, and economic risk. Alternatives (59) affecting settlement of purchase and sales claims were explored (60) with the instruments available to exporters and importers for financing their international activities.
A. level
B. condition
C. rates
D. risk
A derivative is a security which "derives" its value from another underlying (61) instrument, index, or other investment. Derivatives are available based on the performance of stocks, interest rates, currency exchange rates, as well as (62) contracts and various indexes. Derivatives give the buyer greater leverage for a (63) cost than purchasing the actual underlying instrument to achieve the same position. For this reason, when used properly, they can serve to "hedge" a (64) of securities against losses. However, because derivatives have a date of (65) , the level of risk is greatly increased in relation to their term. One of the simplest forms of a derivative is a stock option. A stock option gives the holder the right to buy or sell the underlying stock at a fixed price for a specified period of time.
A. bank B. financial C. mathematic D. securities