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I was introduced to the concept of literacy animator in Oladumi Arigbede’s (1994) article on high illiteracy rates among women and school dropout rates among girls. According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their role as assisting in the self-liberating development of people in the world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a family of deeply concerned and committed people whose gut-level rejection of mass human pauperizafion compels them to intervene on the side of the marginalized. Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is never culturally or ideologically neutral. Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those with whom they work. Do literacy educators in the United States consider whether the instruction they pursue conflicts with their students’ traditional cultures or community, or fosters illiteracies in learners’ first or home languages or dialects and in their orality Some approaches to literacy instruction represent an ideology of individualism, control, and competition. Consider, for example, the difference in values conveyed and represented when students engage in choral reading versus the practice of having one student read out loud to the group. To identify as a literacy animator is to choose the ideology of "sharing, solidarity, love, equity, co-operation with and respect of both nature and other human beings". Literacy pedagogy that matches the animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept the language and culture of the dominant group. It might lead to assessment that examines the performance outcomes of a community of literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy, as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer on a standardized test. Shor(1993) describes literacy animators as problem-posing, community-based, dialogic educators. Do our teacher-education textbooks on reading and language arts promote the idea that teachers should explore problems from a community-based dialogic perspective Arigbede worked with Nigerians probably to ______.
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If a mother pushes her small son in a swing, giving only a light force each time he returns, eventually he will be swinging quite high. The child can do this for himself by using his legs to increase the motion, but both the mother’s push and the child’s leg movements must occur at the proper moment, or the extent of the swing will not increase. In physics, increasing the swing is increasing the amplitude; the length of the rope on the swing determines its natural oscillation period. This ability of an object to move periodically or to vibrate when stimulated by a force operating in its natural period is called resonance. Resonance is observed many times without consciously thinking about it; for example, one may find an annoying vibration or shimmy in an automobile, caused by a loose engine mount vibrating with increasing amplitude because of an out-of-round tire. The bulge on the tire slaps the pavement with each revolution; at the natural resonance point of the engine mount, it will begin to vibrate. Such vibrations can result in considerable damage if allowed to persist. Another destructive example of resonance is the shattering of a crystal goblet by the production of a musical tone at the natural resonant point of the goblet. The energy of the sound waves causes vibration in the glass; as its amplitude increases, the motion in the glass exceeds the elasticity of the goblet, and it shatters. An instrument called a tachometer makes use of the principle of resonance. It consists of many tiny bars, loosely fastened together and arranged so that each bar can slide independently of the others. Movement of the bars causes changes in a dial. When placed next to a rotating motor or engine, the tachometer picks up slight vibrations which are transferred to the resonant bars. These bars begin to move, and the resulting dial may be read to find the revolutions per minute of the motor very quickly. An object, if moving rhythmically when stimulated in a natural period, is said to ______.
心脏病患者，现妊娠8周，出现急性心力衰竭，最恰当的处理是
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely(遥远地) Speeding off(超速行驶) in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer(使车辆不能调动的装置), and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine (51) , he will not be able to start it again. For now, such devices (52) only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization(使车辆不能调动) technology could soon start to trickle(慢慢地移动) down to ordinary cars, and (53) be available to ordinary cars in the UK (54) two months. The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car incorporates (55) iniature cellphone (移动电话，手机), a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. (56) the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicles engine management system and prevent the engine (57) restarted. There are even plans for immobilizers (58) shut down vehicles on the move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system. In the UK, an array of technical fixes is already making (59) harder for car thieves. The pattern of vehicles crime has changed, says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire that is funded in part (60) the motor insurance industry. He says it would only take him a few minutes to (61) a novice(新手，初学者) how to steal a car using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old. Modern cars are a far tougher (艰苦的) proposition (任务), as their engine management computer will not (62) them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition(点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this (63) achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997. But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owners keys in a burglary (夜窃行为；盗窃). In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken using the owners keys double the previous years figure. Remote-controlled immobilization system would (64) a major new obstacle in the criminals way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than the (65) expects.
When we think about addiction to drugs or alcohol, we frequently focus on negative aspects, ignoring the pleasures that accompany drinking or drug-taking. (21) the essence of any serious addiction is a pursuit of pleasure, a search for a "high" that normal life does not (22) . It is only the inability to function (23) the addictive substance that is dismaying, the dependence of the organism upon a certain experience and a(n) (24) inability to function normally without it. Thus a person will take two or three (25) at the end of the day not merely for the pleasure drinking provides, but also because he "doesn’t feel (26) " without them. (27) does not merely pursue a pleasurable experience and need to (28) it in order to function normally. He needs to repeat it again and again. Something about that particular experience makes life without it (29) complete. Other potentially pleasurable experiences axe no longer possible, (30) under the spell of the addictive experience, his life is peculiarly (31) . The addict craves an experience and yet he is never really satisfied. The organism may be (32) sated, but soon it begins to crave again. Finally a serious addiction is (33) a harmless pursuit of pleasure by its distinctly destructive elements. A heroin addict, for instance, leads a (34) life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from Working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. (35) an alcoholic’s life is narrowed and dehumanized by his dependence on alcohol.
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