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ext 1 Jumanji is a story for children about a very strange game - a game that becomes far too real and frightening for the players. It was a story by Chris Van Allsburg, which was later filmed in 1996, starring the famous American actor Robin Williams. The story begins in 1869 in New Hampshire, America. Two young brothers bury a box under some trees. A hundred years later, in 1969, a boy, Alan Panish, finds the box and takes it home. He’s unhappy that his father may want to send him to a boarding school (寄宿学校）. Alan’s friend Sarah arrives, and they open the box. Inside is a board game. At the start of the game, some words appear: “Do you want to leave the world behind and go back to the past Then this is the game for you.” Suddenly Alan finds that he is disappearing into the game. The story has a deep meaning. Through his adventures Alan learns something important - if you confront(面对) your fears, your problems will go away. Alan turns to face Van Pelt, the hunter who is trying to kill him. In doing so, he completes the game and returns to reality. Then he finds that his father is not going to send him to boarding school after all. In Jumanji, time is “elastic”. The film director Stephen Spielberg’s “Back to the Future” films play with time in the same way. Top scientists even tell us now that time travel is theoretically(理论上) possible! From the story we learn that Alan is a boy who （）
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超显性学说只考虑了基因的显性效应。
Text 3 When Tom Szaky sees a juice container thrown away, he doesn’t see rubbish; he sees a pencil case. Sweet wrappers (包装纸) A beautiful kite. But these are not the imaginings of a dreamer. For the 28-year-old CEO of Trenton, New Jersey-based TerraCycle, they’re a business model. The fast-talking Szaky is leading the new industry of upcycling. Instead of recycling (shredding or breaking down materials and enabling them to be reproduced as other products), TerraCycle takes packaging headed for landfills (垃圾填埋) and reuses it - more or less whole. TerraCycle’s 85 employees make nearly 200 products, sold at shops such as Petco, Kmart, Whole Foods Market, and Target. Szaky’s $7.4 million company, now also moving ahead in Mexico, Canada, the United Kingdom and Brazil is a far cry from the business he founded with classmate Jon Beyer in 2002 as a freshman at Princeton University. The two entered a business competition with a plan to sell an organic plant fertilizer () made from worm waste. They lost the competition but started the business anyway. With their goal - to make products entirely out of rubbish - suddenly clear, Szaky knew the time was right to drop out of Princeton. TerraCycle’s first product used dining-hall waste to feed the worms and thrown-away bottles to package the fertilizer. The result: a cheap, green breakthrough. Word spread, and in 2004, Home Depot began carrying the fertilizer in its Canadian stores. To Szaky, waste does not exist in nature. TerraCycle is a “second chance” employer of, say, a piece of furniture, an ice-cream container. As Szaky points out: “The biggest problem with most green, fair-trade, and organic products is that they tend to cost more. At TerraCycle, everything is made from rubbish, and rubbish is free. People should be able to protect the planet without having to pay a cost for that right.” Who is Tom Szaky（）
听下面一段对话，回答第18和第20题。 Why does the university offer the two programs（）
Text 2 Parents might say “honesty is the best policy,” but when it comes to talking with their own children, mom and dad lie surprisingly often, finds a new study carried out by researchers in the University of Toronto, Canada. Almost every parent in the study admits having come up with some tales to influence a child’s actions and feelings. For example, a parent is annoyed by a child’s crying and says, “The police will come to get you if you don’t stop crying now.” In another example, an uncle has just died and the child is told that he has become a star to watch over the child. Whether parents lie to benefit themselves or to protect the child, researchers suggest such tall tales could give children mixed messages at a time when they are trying to figure out how to deal with the social world. Lies could also harm the parent-child relationship. It could even keep children from learning certain rules. “If I am always lying to the child in order to get the child to do X, Y, or Z, then they have never learned why they should do X, Y, or Z.” Heyman, one of the researchers, said. Heyman also said, “It is common for parents to try out various ways, including lying, to guide a child, but most parents never think about how it will influence their child. I think parents should figure it out in advance what their general beliefs are, so when it comes to the situation you’re working with your beliefs rather than what comes into your head at the moment.” What’s Heyman’s suggestion for parents（）
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