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案例分析题Hitchhiking(搭车旅游)When I was in my teens(十几岁) and 20s, hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers (51) me all over Europe, North America, Asia and southern Africa. Some of the lift-givers became friends, many provided hospitality (52) the road.Not only did you find out much more about a country than (53) traveling by train or plane, but also there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night. Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it. So what has happened to (54) A few years ago, I asked the same question about hitchhiking in a column on a newspaper. (55) of people from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking."If there is a hitchhiker’s (56) it must be lran," came one reply. Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitchhiking, (57) was Quebec, Canada. "if you don’t mind being berated(严厉指责) for not speaking French. "But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in many parts of the world, the (58) feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed(消亡).With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we (59) to be so wary both to hitchhike and to give a liftIn Poland in the 1960s, (60) a Polish woman who e-m/filed me, "the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker’s Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for drivers, so each time a driver (61) somebody, he or she received a coupon. At the end of the season, (62) who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everybody was hitchhiking then. "Surely this is a good idea for society. Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down (63) between strangers. It would help fight (64) warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant (65) in geography, history, politics and sociology. 63（）
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案例分析题A Debate on the English LanguageA measure declaring English the national language is under intense debate in the United States. The US Senate passed two declarations last week. One calls English the nation’s official language and the other says it is the "common and unifying(统一的)" tongue. But Americans found themselves divided on the issue.Since people worldwide know that most Americans speak only English, many can’t understand why the issue is so controversial(有争议的)."The discussion is related to fears of immigration issues," says Dick Tucker, a social scientist at Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Mellon University. "It’s related to a worry about the changing demography (人口统计) of the US. It’s a worry about who will continue to have political and economic influence.In fact, the notion of protecting the language has been kicked around almost since the nation’s founding. John Adams lobbied(游说) in 1780 for the creation of a national academy to correct and improve the English language. But his proposal died, since lawmakers saw it as a royalist(保皇主义者) attempt to define personal behavior.Since then, the country hasn’t had a national language, but the idea of recognizing the special status of English lived on."The emotions surrounding language resurface(再次浮现) not because people feel comfortable with English. It is more about the discomfort many Americans feel with the flew languages," says Walt Wolfram, a professor at North Carolina State University."Language is never about language," he says.According to the 2000 US Census Bureau report, of 209 million Americans over 18 years old, 172 million speak only English at home. About 37 million speak languages other than English. Among them, 6.5 million speak poor English and 3.1 million don’t speak English at all. The phrase "kicked around" ( paragraph 4) could be best replaced by（）
第一题：许可证及检查证办理（12分） 汤某系某直辖市A县C镇居民，在县城开设有一家字号为“大发”的食杂店，持有A县烟草专卖局核发的烟草专卖零售许可证，经营期限从2009年3月1日至2013年12月31日。因经营不善，汤某于2010年1月9日办理了工商营业执照注销手续，关店进城务工。2010年1月12日，A县烟草专卖局执法人员老王和小陈在检查市场时，发现这一情况，告知汤某应及时到A县烟草专卖局办理有关手续。2011年1月12日，A县烟草专卖局分别在办公地、汤某原经营场所、局网站发布公告。至2011年4月17日，汤某以进城务工为由仍未到A县烟草专卖局办理有关手续。 请根据上述案例，回答以下问题： 检查证的最长有效期是几年？检查证的后续管理中使用人员的行为审查是指什么？（4分）
如果两个音素出现在相同语音环境并且区别意义，那么这两个音素属于不同（）。
案例分析题Things to Know about the UK1 From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful icons (标志)of past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. It’s now better known for vibrant(充满活力的) cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping—the UK is among the world’s best.2 Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if you’re one of these people, you’d be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. It’s certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK.3 Getting around England is pretty easy. Budget(廉价的)airlines like Easy jet and Rynn air fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive (though quicker) than buses. London’s famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance(个体的) drivers. But Usually you need to give a call first. London’s underground is called the Tube. It’s very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.4 The UK is not famous for its food. But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherd’s pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture.5 Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart club wear, while pubbing is much more casual. Fish and chips are（）
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