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A.balanceB.combinationC.conflictD.separation
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根据以下资料，回答下列各题： Overall，belief in climate change has declined in the American public from roughly 75 percent to 55 percent between 2008 and 2011，with a recent rebound to 62 percent in the fall of 2011，the Brookings Institution survey finds．One noted reason for the rebound was personal experiences with warmer fall and winter temperatures． Though this kind of weather disruption is what climate scientists predict，they hesitate to place too much emphasis on one or two unusual seasons as a trend that changes public opinion．If next winter is more normal，the public may get the wrong impression about the dangers of climate change．Better for science to be more convincing． But there’s the rub．The American public is generally illiterate when it comes to science． And when American scientists complain about public illiteracy and lethargy on the vitally important subject of climate change，they also have themselves to blame． Generally，those who know the most about climate--and other important scientific fields—are locked up in their university ivory towers and conference rooms，speaking a language only they can understand．And they speak mostly to each other，not to the general public，policymakers，or business people--not to those who can actually make things happen． This is dangerous．We live in an age when scientific issues permeate our social， economic．and political culture．People must be educated about science and the scientific Drocess if we are to make rational and informed decisions that affect our future．But instead，the relative absence of academics and academic scholarship in the public discourse creates a vacuum into which uninformed．wrong，and downright destructive viewpoints get voiced and take hold． Here’s a typical example．After the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010，conservative talk show host Rush Limbaugh argued that“The ocean will take care of this on its own if it was left alone．．．”In fact，the spill created extensive damage to wide ranging marine habitats as well as the Gulf Coast’s fishing and tourism industries．Long-term impacts are still unclear as scientists continue to monitor underwater plumes of dissolved oil that lie along the bottom． The fact is that today’s scientists are indeed lost to the academy．The failure begins with training in doctoral programs and continues through professional development where the constant immersion in academic seminars and journals serves to weaken scientists’literacy in the language of public，economic，and political discourse．Scientists limit involvement insuch“outside activities”because tenure and promotion are based primarily on publication in top—tier academic journals． In mv view．few contemporary issues warrant critical analysis by problem—focused researchers more than environmental sustainability，and particularly climate change． Universities need to train emerging and seasoned scholars in the skills of communicating science to the public and policy makers．We need to develop a new generation of scholars for whom the role of public intellectual is not an anachronism．Without such changes，the climate change debate devolves into a“logic schism”where the ideological extremesdominate the conversation and the space for solutions disappears into a rhetorical shouting match． The recent rebound in American’s belief in climate change is_______．
选择孔与轴配合的配合制时，优先选用基______制，原因是______。
By“animals follow plants down the biotech route”．they author means________．
根据以下资料回答下列各 ： In the following text．some sentences have been removed．For Questions 41—45， choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks．There are two extra choices，which do not fit in any of the blanks．Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET．(10 points) Even if we could make it impossible for people to commit crimes，should we？Or would doing so improperly deprive people of their freedom？ This may sound like a fanciful concern，but it is an increasingly real one．The new federal transportation bill，for example，authorized funding for a program that seeks to prevent the crime of drunken driving not by raising public consciousness or issuing stiffer punishments—but by making the crime practically impossible to commit．(41)______ The Dadss program is part of a trend toward what I call the“perfect prevention”of crime：depriving people of the choice to commit an offense in the first place．The federal government’s Intelligent Transportation Systems program，which is creating technology to share data among vehicles and road infrastructure like traffic lights，could make it impossible for a driver to speed or run a red light．(42)______ Such technologies force US to reconcile two important interests．On one hand is society’s desire for safety and security．On the other hand is the individual’S right to act freely． Conventional crime prevention balances these interests by allowing individuals the freedom to commit crime，but punishing them if they do． The perfect prevention of crime asks US to consider exactly how far individual freedom extends．Does freedom include a“right”to drive drunk．for instance？It is hard to imagine that it does．(43)______ For most familiar crimes(murder，robbery，rape，arson)，the law requires that the actor have some guilty state of mind，whether it is intent，recklessness or negligence． (44)______ In such cases，using technology to prevent the crime entirely would not unduly burden individual freedom；it would simply be effective enforcement of the statute．Because there is no mental state required to be guilty of the offense，the government could require，for instance．that drug manufacturers apply a special tamper-proof coating to all pills，thus making the sale of tainted drugs practically impossible，without intruding on the thoughts of any future seller． But because the government must not intrude on people’s thoughts，perfect prevention is a bad fit for most offenses．(45) ______ Even if this could be known，perhaps with the help of some sort of neurological scan，collecting such knowledge would violate an individual’s freedom of thought． Perfect prevention is a politically attractive approach to crime prevention，and for strict— liability crimes it is permissible and may be good policy if implemented properly．But for most offenses，the threat to individual freedom is too great to justify this approach．This is not because people have a right to commit crimes；they do not．Rather，perfect prevention threatens our right to be free in our thoughts，even when those thoughts turn to crime． A．But there is a category of crimes that are forbidden regardless of the actor’s state of mind：so．called strict—liability offenses．One example is the sale of tainted drugs． Another is drunken driving． B．The Dadss program，despite its effectiveness in preventing drunk driving，is criticized as a violation of human rights because it monitors drivers’behavior. and controls individual’s free will． C．And the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of l998 has already criminalized the development of technologies that can be used to avoid copyright restrictions，making it effectively impossible for most people to illegally share certain copyrighted materials， including video games． D．If the actor doesn’t have the guilty state of mind，and he commits crime involuntarily，in this case，the actor will be convicted as innocent． E．Perfect prevention of a crime like murder would require the ability to know what a person was thinking in order to determine whether he possessed the relevant culpable mental state． F．The program，the Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety(Dadss)，is developing in vehicle technology that automatically checks a driver’s blood—alcohol level and，if that level is above the legal limit，prevents the car from starting． G．But what if the government were to add a drug to the water supply that suppressed antisocial urges and thereby reduced the murder rate？ This would seem like an obvious violation of our freedom．We need a clear method of distinguishing such cases． ___________
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