题目内容
The metric assigned to each network depends on the type of protocol. Some simple protocol, like RIP, treats each network as equals. The (91) of passing through each network is the same; it is one (92) count. So if a packet passes through 10 network to reach the destination, the total cost is 10 hop counts. Other protocols, such as OSPF, allow the administrator to assign a cost for passing through a network based on the type of service required. A (93) through a network can have different costs (metrics). For example, if maximum (94) is the desired type of service, a satellite link has a lower metric than a fiber-optic line. On the other hand, if minimum (95) is the desired type of service, a fiber-optic line has a lower metric than a satellite line. OSPF allow each router to have several routing table based on the required type of service. （91）是（）
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Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer, networks can be connected by. (31) or hubs, which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches, which operate at data link layer. They can accept (32) , examine the MAC address, and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer, we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have (33) network layer, the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface between two transport connections. Finally, in the application layer, application gateways translate message (34) . As an example, gateways between Internet E-mail and X. 400 e-mail must (35) the e-mail message and change various header fields. （33）是（）
Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer, networks can be connected by. (31) or hubs, which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches, which operate at data link layer. They can accept (32) , examine the MAC address, and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer, we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have (33) network layer, the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface between two transport connections. Finally, in the application layer, application gateways translate message (34) . As an example, gateways between Internet E-mail and X. 400 e-mail must (35) the e-mail message and change various header fields. （31）是（）
简答题 简述生态因子作用的不可替代性和补偿性，并举例说明。
Virtualization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (71) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (72) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (73) , people, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels, (74) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (75) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimization focus for their IT infrastructure resources. （71）是（）
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