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40. When a heart disorder affects the liver or a kidney disorder affects the lung, we call it “disorder in the mother affecting the child”.
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The term “Zang” in Chinese medicine refers to ().
29、Which of the followings belong to the six excesses?
Passage 2The main content of visceral manifestation theory is based on the viscera to interpret the figure and the structure, physiological functions, pathological changes of the internal organs, their relations with essence, qi, blood and mental activities, as well as the mutual relations among the organs or between the organs and body orifices. Zang-fu is the generic term of the internal organs, which can be divided into three kinds according to their physiological functions. Five zang-organs include heart, lung, spleen, liver and kidney (in the theory of meridians, pericardium is also regarded as a zang-organ, so they are also called six zang). Six fu-organs are gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, bladder and sanjiao. The extraordinary fu-organs include brain, marrow, bone, vessel, gallbladder and uterus. Most of the five zang-organs are substantial viscera, and their common physiological functions are to generate and store the essence. However, for the most part of the six fu-organs are hollow cavity viscera, and their same functions are to receive, transport water, food and dregs. The differences between the five zang-organs and six fu-organs are easy to be understood from their special functions. The forms of the extraordinary fu-organs are similar to those of the six fu-organs, while their functions are nearly to the five zang-organs, i.e. storing the essential qi. They are different from the five zang-organs and six fu-organs, so they are called the extraordinary fu-organs. Essence, qi, blood and body fluids are the fundamental substances which make up the body and maintain human life activities, as well as the material bases of the physiological activities of the organs and meridians. Mental activity is the total expression of the human life activities. All of essence, qi, blood, body fluids and mental activities are the products of the functional activities of the organs, and their relations are interdependent and mutually restricted. At the same time, they have close relationships with the organs and orifices.47. Which group of the following organs does not have the exterior-interior relationship?
Passage 2The main content of visceral manifestation theory is based on the viscera to interpret the figure and the structure, physiological functions, pathological changes of the internal organs, their relations with essence, qi, blood and mental activities, as well as the mutual relations among the organs or between the organs and body orifices. Zang-fu is the generic term of the internal organs, which can be divided into three kinds according to their physiological functions. Five zang-organs include heart, lung, spleen, liver and kidney (in the theory of meridians, pericardium is also regarded as a zang-organ, so they are also called six zang). Six fu-organs are gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, bladder and sanjiao. The extraordinary fu-organs include brain, marrow, bone, vessel, gallbladder and uterus. Most of the five zang-organs are substantial viscera, and their common physiological functions are to generate and store the essence. However, for the most part of the six fu-organs are hollow cavity viscera, and their same functions are to receive, transport water, food and dregs. The differences between the five zang-organs and six fu-organs are easy to be understood from their special functions. The forms of the extraordinary fu-organs are similar to those of the six fu-organs, while their functions are nearly to the five zang-organs, i.e. storing the essential qi. They are different from the five zang-organs and six fu-organs, so they are called the extraordinary fu-organs. Essence, qi, blood and body fluids are the fundamental substances which make up the body and maintain human life activities, as well as the material bases of the physiological activities of the organs and meridians. Mental activity is the total expression of the human life activities. All of essence, qi, blood, body fluids and mental activities are the products of the functional activities of the organs, and their relations are interdependent and mutually restricted. At the same time, they have close relationships with the organs and orifices. 48. The extraordinary fu-organs do not include .
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