题目内容
Obesity is defined as body weight of 15 percent or more above the ideal for one's height and age.【C1】______ this criterion, about one third of the adult population of the United States is obese. The【C2】______ of obesity vary in different races, cultures, sub-cultures, and social classes. In industrialized countries, fatness tends to be【C3】______ correlated with socioeconomic status: people in lower social classes tend to be more obese. In economically backward nations, the direction of the correlation is reversed; the richer, the fatter. The situation in the underdeveloped world probably approximates the【C4】______ of affairs through most of human evolution. Particularly for women,【C5】______ pregnancies could 【C6】______ into times of scarcity, larger internal food【C7】______ were adapted in the face of variable external reserves.
Although obesity may sound like a (n)【C8】______ phenomenon, it is to some degree【C9】______ relative. A study of black and white undergraduates yielded【C10】______ results. Even though blacks, and especially black females, were heavier than whites, they were more satisfied with their weight and less likely to find weight in other people【C11】______ Men were more concerned【C12】______the weight of their dates than women were, but black men were【C13】______ likely to refuse to date a woman because of her weight.
Contemporary North American culture is【C14】______ with thinness, particularly for women. Compared to the Rubenesque view of beauty of just a few centuries ago, the prototypes of feminine beauty【C15】______ in the mass media today look emaciated, that is, extremely thin. The standards have even changed【C16】______ since the 1950s, when the prototype was replete with large breasts and slightly protruding abdomen. A study of Playboy centerfolds found a ten percent decrease in the ratio of weight to height from the late 1950s to the late 1970s,【C17】______ by a dramatic increase in the number of articles on dieting in popular women's magazines. In【C18】______ to contemporary Western societies, some other cultures【C19】______ beauty with bulk. This most often occurs in societies in which food is scarce,【C20】______ women who are healthy and have more resources tend to be heavier and hence are seen as more attractive.
【C1】
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The railway bylaws most probably refer to ______.
听力原文：W: Our President, since leaving office five years ago, [19] has spent a huge amount of time promoting AIDS awareness and prevention.
M: That is the thing I have been doing.
W: I know you just came back from Johannesburg, South Africa, part of your six-nation tour of Africa.
M: Right. You know, Africa has been more affected by AIDS than any other place in the world.
W: Why？
M: [20] I think that's partly because there were not systems in place both to prevent people from contracting it and spreading it.
W: How is your work getting on？
M: I think we are beginning to make some headway not only in Africa, but in other places where it's a problem.
W: Can you name some？
M: It is spreading worldwide, growing even faster now in terms of the rate of increase in the former Soviet Union and the Caribbean, India, China.
W: I know your foundation is making a great deal of progress. Is it reasonable to expect that it can be brought under control？
M: Well, yes, [21] but you have to take care of education and prevention and care and treatment at the same time, and the two things speed up each other.
W: How should we understand they speed up each other？
M: When you've got to treat people, you've got to overcome any kind of cultural dislike, talk about it and get young people to behave responsibly and you've got to do whatever you can to get as many people tested as quickly as possible but keep in mind that this is a disease that's one hundred percent preventable.
(20)
A．The rewards for the leader.B．The reputation of a leader.C．The approach to achieving
A．By using their body to pave the way for others.B．By covering holes inside their nest
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