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·You will hear a radio interview between a woman journalist and Michael Dell, Chairman of Dell Inc. and his new CEO, Kevin Rollins.·For each question 23-30, mark one letter (A, B or C ) for the correct answer.·You will hear the recording twice. What is the essence of strategy in Dell
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·You will hear a radio interview between a woman journalist and Michael Dell, Chairman of Dell Inc. and his new CEO, Kevin Rollins.·For each question 23-30, mark one letter (A, B or C ) for the correct answer.·You will hear the recording twice. How is the relationship between Dell and Rollins
·Read the following article about real-time information and the questions on the opposite page.·For each question 15-20, mark one letter (A, B, C or D ) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.Over the past several years, I have interviewed dozens of senior executives of Fortune 1,000 companies and asked two questions: "Is there information that would help you run your company far better if you had it in real time, and, if m, what is it" Without exception, they answered yes to the first question, then ticked off the one to three items they wanted. Dave Dorman at AT&T said he wanted real-time customer transaction information, such as contract renewals and cancellations. Rick Wagoner at GM wanted real-time progress reports on new vehicle development. Others on his senior team wanted certain narrowly defined data on product quality and productivity. Dick Notebaert at Qwest wanted customer satisfaction numbers. The CEO of a well-known services business wished he had real- time transaction volume data on a limited group of his best customers, while the CEO of an events business wanted to see minute-by-minute tracking of how much show-floor space has been sold.Oddly, though, very few of the executives I’ve spoken with receive the real-time information they say they could use (notable exceptions include some of the executives mentioned above, who now get their data). Why aren’t they getting it Clearly, these managers could direct corporate resources toward acquiring any data sets they wanted. The answer is that neither they, nor those who support them, are asking the fight questions. Although they agree, when prompted, that they need real-time information, in practice their reflex is to respond to business events after the fact rather than detect them as they unfold. Instead of asking, "How can we react faster" they should be asking, "What real-time information will allow us to detect critical events the instant they occur"The danger in asking the latter question, of course, is that the executive may quickly drown in a torrent of data. The solution is to carefully identify the precise and minimum information that’s required — only those data that would cause the executive to change a judgment or a course of action (what accountants would call "material" information). Examples might include real-time sales results, new customer sign ups, shifts in petroleum prices, or any information that, if instantly available, would keep a CEO from getting in trouble with the board. My research suggests, and interviews with CEOs confirm, that one needs to receive only a very small amount of information in real time to avoid trouble or exploit an opportunity.Here’s an example. In eBay’s early days, the company often received complaints about offensive items that were put up for auction, especially those tied to tragic news events. Maynard Webb, eBay’s chief operating officer, told me that, in response, a team was created to conduct real-time news monitoring and to warn executives when problem items appeared. This real-tree detection and rapid response strategy have paid off in many instances, most notably after the collapse of the World Trade Center and the shuffle Columbia disaster. Webb and other senior executives were notified immediately when offensive items appeared (World Trade Center rubble showed up just 20 minutes after the first tower fell), and they had them removed before eBay’s 1range could be harmed.If you’re not tracking real-time information already, start. Don’t assume that it’s too granular to merit your attention, that me else in the company is already monitoring it, or that it simply doesn’t exist. Identify what it is that you need. Then ask for it. The writer indicates eBay is a company that
一个项目具有一个项目主管，一个项目主管可管理多个项目，则实体“项目主管”与实体“项目”的联系属于 【5】 的联系。
某内燃机公司最高层主管人员长期忧虑的一个问题是：生产车间的工人对他们的工作缺乏兴趣，产品质量不得不由检验科来保证。公司在生产线的最后增设一个技术水平较高的班组，专门负责解决质量问题。由于这种方法费用较高，且质量问题主要是由装配差错造成，因此，公司中很多人对于使用这种事后处理的方法感到很不满意。当然，不可否认，也有部分差错是由于设计不合理造成的。公司总裁召集主要部门主管开会研究这个问题该如何解决。生产经理刘伟断言，这些问题是工程设计方面的事情。他认为，只要工程设计上充分仔细地设计部件和整机结构，许多质量问题就不会出现。他又责怪人事部门没有更仔细地挑选工人，并且没有让使用员工的部门参与到选拔工作中来，他特别指出装配工人流动率每月高达5%以上，且星期一的旷工率经常达到20%，他认为用这样的劳动力，没有一个生产部门能够有效地运转。总工程师王军认为，部件和整机结构都没计得很好。如果标准要求再严一点，生产就会非常困难和费时，内燃机的成本会大幅提高。人事经理刘彦从多方面来说明人事问题。茸先，在公司的人事方面，她的部门对公司启用和留用工人很少有或没有控制权。其次，车间的工作非常单调辛苦，所以公司不应该期望工人对这种工作除了领取工资外还会有什么兴趣。但是刘彦说，她相信公司可以想办法提高工人的兴趣。如果T.人承担的工作范围能够扩大的话，必然会出现高质量的工作以及较低的缺勤率和流动率。她建议公司做两件事：一是要工人掌握几种操作技能，而不是只做一项简单的动作；二是工人每星期轮流换班，从生产线的一个位置换到另一个完全不同的位置，这样可以为工人提供新的和更有挑战性的工作。入事经理的建议很快被采用并付诸实行，使每个人觉得意外的是：工人对新计划表示极大的不满。一个星期后，工人罢工，装配线关闭。工人们声称，新计划只是一种管理上的诡计—使他们要做比以前更多的工作并且训练他们去替代其他工人而不增加任何工资。 人事经理刘彦的建议实行后并没有取得预期的效果，最可能的原因是（）。
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