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Text Senility refers to great losses of intellectual capacity that occurs in old age and is (26) with the wide- spread loss of nerve cells and the (27) of brain tissue. Senility is a great decline from a previous intellectual (28) in an aging person. Memory is the mental capacity most 6ften affected. The memory loss may first show itself clearly in simple absentmindedness or a (n) (29) to forget or (30) things and repeal oneself in conversation. (31) the senility progresses, the loss of memory (32) in scope until the patient can no longer remember basic social and (33) skills or (34) independently. There may also be declines in the person’s language skills, spatial or temporal orientation. (35) or other cognitive (36) and personality changes may also be (37) to see. Senility usually has a slow, gradual onset and is (38) common in persons over age 75. The most common (39) of the syndrome is Alzheimer’s disease, which (40) for about 50 percent of all elderly persons with (41) mind and is hard to restore a former state. The second most common cause is vascular senility which arise from hypertension (high blood pressure) or some other vascular condition. In this type, a series of small strokes (中风) progressively destroy small (42) of the brain, eventually leading to senility. There is no (43) for Alzheimer’s disease, but vascular senility can (44) be prevented or its (45) slowed by treatment of the underlying systemic vascular disorder. Among other significant causes of senility in the elderly are Huntington’s chorea, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.
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Directions: Write a short composition according to the information given below. A research center is going to be established in a university. There is an argument about whether to establish an agricultural research center or a business one. Which do you think is better.’ Use specific reasons to support your answer.
Text 3 The video game poses a world a much simpler world than our own. wherein success is very clearly defined and, for a time. clearly attainable. Through practice, a player can control this world for a while. He can escape from the anxieties of real life into a place where his own actions always count, where he can be a hero. When the game is over. he hash’ t lost or been beaten. Is a surfer beaten when he files from a wave Most video games call for some semblance of hand-eye coordination, and some hospitals are now using them in rehabilitation programs for brain-damaged patients. It has been found that some patients who were otherwise thought to be unreachable have been "brought out" through their use. Moreover experimental re- search is now being conducted regarding the feasibility of video games as a test for drunken driving. Intoxicants act to slow reaction time and impair coordination -- and nowhere is this kind of impairment more measurable than on the video game play field. Some day a poor showing at "Six-Pack Man" may cost you your license. Video games for the microcomputer are net restricted to mere "twitch" games, however. Strategy games are at last as popular, and among these are the so-called "fantasy role-playing" adventures. These games allow the player to construct a whole new personality, choosing strengths and weaknesses from a list of possible character traits. Nowadays, more and more adolescents are crowded in electronic game houses for whole days to experience what they perceive to be excitement. In the due course, they train their abilities in confronting with new situations, and what’s more, they learn how to communicate with their targeted rivals, in a novel and friendly way. But there is such a large amount of criticism concerning the electronic games that they are generally seen as a vile ways of discovering hostility and belligerence. And the managers of such businesses are severely criticized by the schools and parents alike. On the other hand, this business seems never fading, but instead it becomes a success in many places, even it is strictly controlled by certain policies. One might choose, for instance, a character who is extremely dexterous and swift, but these positive traits must be traded off against others, such as strength and endurance. Players have a tendency to become extremely attached to their characters. My preference runs toward brawn as opposed to brain, which probably reflects some compromise between reality and my own desires. I’m also attached to extrasensory powers, which are likewise denied to me in the real world. According to the article, the video game player can ______.
Text 1 It is surprising how many expressions that people use every day tame from the card game poker For ex- ample, you hear the expression "ace in the hole" used by many who would never think of going near a poker table. An ace in the hole is any argument, plan or thinking kept hidden until needed, especially when it can turn failure into success. In poker and most card games, the ace is the highest and most valuable card. It is often a winning card. In one kind of poker game, the first card to each player is dealt face down. A player does not show-this card to the other players. The other cards are dealt face up with the players betting money each time they receive another card. No one knows until the end of the game whose hidden card is the winner. Often, the "ace in the hole" wins the game. Smart card players, especially those who play for large amounts of money, closely watch the person who deals the cards. They are watching to make sure he is dealing honestly, that he is not dealing off the bottom of the stack of cards. A dealer who is doing that has "stacked the deck". He has fixed the cards so that he will get higher cards and you will lose. The expression "dealing off the bottom" now means cheating in business, as well as in cards. And when someone tells you that "the cards are stacked" against you, he is saying you do not have a chance to succeed. In a poker game you do not want to let your opponents know if your cards are good or bad. So having a "poker face" is important. A poker face never shows any emotion, never expresses either good or bad feelings. No one can learn, by looking at your face. if your cards are good or bad. People now use "poker face" in everyday speech to describe someone who shows no emotion. Someone who has a "poker face" usually is good at "bluffing". Bluffing is trying to trick a person into believing something about you that is not true. In poker, you bluff when you bet heavily on a poor hand. The idea is to make the other players believe you have strong cards and are sure to win. If they believe you, they are likely to drop out of the game, leaving to you the money they have bet. You can do a better job of bluffing if you "hold your cards close to your vest". You hold your cards close to you so no one else can see what you have. In everyday speech, holding your cards close to your vest means not letting others know what you are doing or thinking. You arc keeping your plans secret. This passage mainly tells us about ______.
Text Senility refers to great losses of intellectual capacity that occurs in old age and is (26) with the wide- spread loss of nerve cells and the (27) of brain tissue. Senility is a great decline from a previous intellectual (28) in an aging person. Memory is the mental capacity most 6ften affected. The memory loss may first show itself clearly in simple absentmindedness or a (n) (29) to forget or (30) things and repeal oneself in conversation. (31) the senility progresses, the loss of memory (32) in scope until the patient can no longer remember basic social and (33) skills or (34) independently. There may also be declines in the person’s language skills, spatial or temporal orientation. (35) or other cognitive (36) and personality changes may also be (37) to see. Senility usually has a slow, gradual onset and is (38) common in persons over age 75. The most common (39) of the syndrome is Alzheimer’s disease, which (40) for about 50 percent of all elderly persons with (41) mind and is hard to restore a former state. The second most common cause is vascular senility which arise from hypertension (high blood pressure) or some other vascular condition. In this type, a series of small strokes (中风) progressively destroy small (42) of the brain, eventually leading to senility. There is no (43) for Alzheimer’s disease, but vascular senility can (44) be prevented or its (45) slowed by treatment of the underlying systemic vascular disorder. Among other significant causes of senility in the elderly are Huntington’s chorea, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.
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