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2006年4月,临沂市教研室进行了新一轮的课堂教学改革,信息技术课题组对义务教育阶段信息技术学科的现状进行了仔细的分析和研究,确定了义务教育阶段信息技术的“三五五”教学策略,现在假设小学《信息技术》课本中有这样一课——《制作简单的表格》。这节课的教材分析如下: 概述:有这样几大块内容:一、认识表格,二、制作简单的表格,三、在表格中输入文字并调整表格中的文字,让学生从认识表格到学会制作表格,并学会在表格中输入文字,编辑、修饰输入的文字。 重点:表格的制作和文字的输入加工。 难点:表格文字的插入和调整。 学习目标:1.学会使用Word2000制作简单的表格; 2.学会在表格中输入文字; 3.学会修饰表格中的文字; 学生分析:已经掌握了文件的保存、在Word中输入文字等知识。 教学环境:计算机网络教室,所有计算机能够上因特网,多媒体网络教室软件或液晶投影仪(实物投影仪)。 (1)简述“三五五”教学策略中的“三”、“五”的内容。 (2)请你根据“三五五”教学策略的指导思想,结合新课改理论,谈谈你如何来设计并上好这一课。要求:思路清晰,过程明了。

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社稷坛在辽金时代的______故址上兴建的,明清两代帝王祭祀______和稷神的地方。P35

Set 3THE SENSE OF SMELL1.Smell is the most direct of all the senses. It is thought to be the oldest sense in terms of human evolution, which may explain why smell is hard-wired into the brain. The olfactory nerve, which manages the perception of smells, is essentially an extension of the brain. The olfactory nerve provides a direct link from receptors at the top of the nose to the portion of the brain that controls memory, emotion, and behavior.2.The olfactory system detects certain airborne chemicals that enter the nose and then transmits this chemical information to the limbic system in the brain. The olfactory region at the upper end of each nostril is yellow, moist, and full of fatty substances. The shade of yellow indicates the strength of the sense of smell: the deeper the shade, the keener and more acute it is. Animals have a very strong sense of smell, so their olfactory regions are dark yellow to reddish brown, while those of humans are light yellow.3.When an odorous substance enters the nose, it binds to olfactory receptor cells, the neurons lining the yellow upper portion of the nasal cavity. Olfactory receptor cells contain microscopic hairs called cilia that extend into the layer of mucus coating the inside of the nose. Odor molecules diffuse into this region and are absorbed by the cilia of the olfactory receptor cells. What this means is that when we hold a rose to our nose and inhale, odor molecules float up into the nasal cavity, where they are absorbed by five million olfactory receptor cells. The receptor cells alert the olfactory nerve, which sends impulses to the brain’s olfactory bulb, or smell center. Thus, olfactory information about the rose enters the brain’s limbic system, where, in most of us, it stimulates a feeling of pleasure.4.The limbic system of the brain integrates memory, emotion, and behavior. The system is composed of a group of related nervous system structures that are the functional center of emotions such as anger, fear, pleasure, and sadness. The components of the limbic system are linked to the cerebral cortex, the part of the brain involved in complex learning, reasoning, and personality. The cerebral cortex makes decisions about the emotional content of these unique human qualities after "consulting" the limbic system and other brain centers in processing and retrieving memories. It may, in turn, use memories to modify behavior.5.Scent may be the strongest trigger of memory and emotions. When we inhale a scent, receptors in the brain’s limbic center compare the odor entering our nose to odors stored in our memory. Along the way, memories associated with those odors are stimulated. A smell can be overwhelmingly nostalgic because it triggers powerful images and emotions. The waxy fragrance of crayons can instantly transport us to our second-grade classroom, or the scent of freshly mown grass can flood us with the joy of summer freedom. What we see and hear may fade quickly in short-term memory, but what we smell is sent directly to long-term memory.6.Smells can increase alertness and stimulate learning and retention. In one study, children memorized a word list, which was presented both with and without accompanying scents. The children recalled words on the list more easily and with higher accuracy when the list was given with scents than without, showing the link between smell and the ability to retain information. In another study, researchers examined how various smells can increase alertness and decrease stress. They found that the scent of lavender could wake up the metabolism and make people more alert. They also found that the smell of spiced apples could reduce blood pressure and avert a panic attack in people under stress.Glossary:nostalgic: causing a desire for things, persons, or situations of the past; causing homesicknessretention: the act of retaining; keeping, holding, or maintaining When a scent is inhaled, all of the following occur in the limbic system EXCEPT ().

A. The scent is compared to other scents stored in memory.
B. The scent is transmitted to the other sensory organs.
C. The brain stimulates memories associated with the scents.
D. The person may feel an emotion related to a memory.

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