Company Structure Most organisations have hierarchical or pyramidal structure, with one person or a group of people at the top, and an increasing number of people below them at each successive level. There is a clear line or chain of command running down the (21) All the people in the organisation know what decisions they are able to (22) , who their superior is. Some people in an organisation have colleagues who help them: for example, there might be an Assistant to the Marketing Manager. This is known as a staff position: its holder has no line (23) , and is not integrated into the chain of command, unlike, for example, the Assistant Marketing Manager, who is number two in the marketing department. Yet the activities of most companies are too complicated to be (24) in a single hierarchy. Shortly before the First World War, the French industrialist Henry Fayol organised his coal-mining business according to the (25) that it had to carry out, He is generally credited with (26) functional organisation. Today, most large manufacturing organisations have a functional structure, including production, finance, marketing, sales, and personnel or human resources department. This means, for example, that the production and marketing departments cannot make financial decisions (27) consulting the finance department. Functional organisation is efficient, but there are two standard criticisms. Firstly, people are usually more (28) with the success of their department than that of the company, so there are permanent battles between, for example, finance and marketing, or marketing and production, which have (29) goals. Secondly, separating functions is (30) to encourage innovation.
A. make
B. do
C. reach
D. listen to
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患者男性,23岁,以四肢无力3d为主诉来诊,患者于1周前淋雨,3d前出现四肢对称性乏力,以下肢力重,不能行走,且日益严重,于当地医院行血钾检测为正常,来诊。 考虑患者为何种疾病
A. 周期性麻痹
B. GBS
C. 重症肌无力
D. 脊髓灰质炎
E. 上呼吸道感染
患者男性,68岁,3年来无诱因逐渐出现行动缓慢,行走时前倾屈曲体态,面具脸,双手有震颤,双侧肢体肌张力增高。无智能和感觉障碍,无锥体束损害征。 选择最适当的治疗药物是
A. 安坦
B. 左旋多巴
C. 司米吉兰
D. 溴隐亭
E. 多巴胺
患者因干咳3个月就诊,查体:呼吸32/ min,心率100/min,口唇轻度发绀,听诊双肺下可闻及Velcro哆音,肺HRCT表现为双侧胸膜下分布为主的网状改变,局部有蜂窝形成,结合下列哪一项可以诊断IPF
A. 同一视野可看到正常、间质炎症、纤维增生和蜂窝肺的变化
B. 非干酪样坏死性肉芽肿
C. 病变主要以上肺、肺内带区域为明显
D. 见到过碘酸雪夫(PAS)染色阳性物质
E. 病变主要以下肺、肺内带区域为明显
A The CPI surged 8.7 percent in February year on year, the highest rise for this key inflation figure in over a decade. The February figure was 1.6 percentage points higher than that of January. Normally, a 3-percent growth of CPI is regarded as inflation. The CPI growth rate cast a shadow over the Chinese economy and put the government in a tight spot. The government could continue to take monetary measures such as jnterest rate hikes,but it would be against the international trend of interest rate cuts since the global economy has been on the recession track due to the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis. Further rate hikes would draw in speculative currency, which might lead to problems such as liquidity. B The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer for inflation, grew 7.7 percent in May year on year, 0.8 percentage points lower than that in April, according to the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS). It came as no surprise for financial institutions that the CPI dropped in May month on month, as food price, a major trigger for this round of inflation, dropped considerably thanks to an abundant summer supply. There is no quick fix yet to cure inflation. But Song Guoqing, economics professor of Peking University, stated the most efficient and simple way to control inflation is to control money supply. He called on the central bank to strictly reinforce stringent monetary policy to resolve inflation pressure. C The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer for inflation at the retail level, grew 6.3 percent in July year on year. The year-on-year growth rate slowed compared with the CPI’s 7.1-percent growth rate in June. But month-on-month growth accelerated 0.1 percentage point from June to July. Inflation pressure also gained momentum after dropping in May and June. Food prices, which account for one third of the CPI basket and are considered as a major trigger of this round of inflation, rose 14.4 percent in July. D "Combating inflation" ceased to be the government’s priority as the consumer price index (CPI)growth rate continued to drop. Instead, the government has switched the focus of the country’s macro-control policies to "maintain growth" against the backdrop of the global economic downturn. In September, the CPI grew 4.6 percent year on year. but fell 0.3 percent. age points compared with that of August. The CPI growth rate dropped for five consecutive months, demonstrating that government efforts to cap runaway inflation were paying off. Economists expect inflationary pressure to continue to ease in the fourth quarter. E The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer of inflation, was down 0.3 percent in October compared with that of September. The National Bureau of Statistics(NBS)said the CPI’s year-on-year growth in October was 4 percent, the lowest growth rate in 17 months. The government has made "reinina in infiation" its top economic priority since the middle of last year, when citizens were hit with soaring costs of living. Afterwards, six rounds of interest rate hikes and other measures to cool the economy paid off as economic growth slowed amid the global financial turmoil. Stringent monetary policy was suggested to carry out to respond to inflation pressure.