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阅读下文，完成以下问题。在过去的几年中，美国公司累计获得了创记录的利润，而且据世界商业论坛说，美国的生产率已重新居于无可争辩的领先地位，将曾是它最大竞争对手的日本甩到了第四位。但据某些权威人士说，那两者之间并没有必然联系，也就是说，公司利润的飞速增加并不是生产率提高的结果，华盛顿的经济政策研究所说；“公司利润是由于工资的凝滞和下降而增加的。”该研究所在分析政府发布的数字时发现，1994年的税后赢利率是25年来的最高点，尽管投资或生产率的增长仍然比较凝滞。排除通货膨胀因素后的男性工人的中等工资自1979年以来一直在下降，在1989至 1994年期间，降速加快，每年下降一个百分点。妇女的工资自1989年以来也一直在下降。这种趋势的一个最令人苦恼的特点是：大学毕业的男性工人这些年来第一次看到他们的工资也在下降。收入略有增加的家庭，往往是家中有更多的成员去工作。人们普遍认为，19世纪的工业革命影响的主要是蓝领工人，而今天技术革命伤害的主要是白领和中层管理人员。其实生产线上的工人也未能幸免。他们是由于产量分成——生产任务向低工资地区转移——而受到打击。例如，汽车和电子产品的生产日益向东南亚和墨西哥集中，加勒比则成了受到青睐的服装制作中心。结果，制造部门报酬较多的工作，正在被零售和服务部门的低报酬的工作所取代。随着越来越多的地区进入自由贸易领域，这些地区的制造业会更加有吸引力，这种趋势即使不会加速，也会继续发展下去。 文中两次说到“这种趋势”，从全文来看“这种趋势”指的是（）。
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[听力原文]11-15Men are the cleverest and most dangerous animals on earth. Rats come second. Men kill their enemies. They have killed millions of men since ancient times-but rats have killed hundreds of millions of men. Rats carry diseases. Black rats carry a fatal disease called plague which still kills thousands of Asians and Africans today—as it killed millions of Europeans in the past, until brown rats came to Europe and pushed black rats out. There is no plague in Europe today, but brown rats carry 35 other diseases. Rats are dangerous. They not only carry diseases into men’s homes, they also take men’s food. They eat 33 million tons of grain every year. That is enough grain to feed’ 200 million people—so men die of hunger because rats eat their food. Rats are clever, too. They have good leaders. Men try to poison them, but if their leaders tell them that food is dangerous they do not eat it. So our cities and villages are full of rats. We can go to the moon, but we cannot kill this dangerous enemy. Why Is it because we axe not clean They have（）to tell them what to do.
As the competition to Canada’s post-secondary heats up, parents are searching for new ways to give their kids an edge (优势). Growing numbers are finding the solution in longstanding educational method—boarding schools.Canada’s almost 10,000 boarding school students are exposed to richer and more varied programming than the public system can offer. Moreover, their days are quite structured and students are kept busy with academics, athletics (运动) and other activities. Many boarding schools develop specialties. For instance, Brentwood College School in Mill Bay, specializes in fine arts, while Athol Murray College Notre Dame in Wilcox, has nationally recognized hockey programs for boys and girls.Susan Hazel, who spent more than 20 years teaching in Canadian boarding schools, says that boarding schools foster (培养) independence in students."They provide a safe, positive environment in which young people can take risks and attempt new things. Students get involved in activities they might not try elsewhere and they build some fabulous (难以置信的) friendships.""Canada’s 69 boarding schools including religious and secular (长期的) institutions, schools that cater to (迎合) children with special needs and single sex and co-educated (男女同校) institutions. Because of this variety it’s important for parents to research carefully when looking for a boarding school", says Hazel."Try to find a school that suits your child, her talents and abilities. Inquire about student supervision after school hours and on weekends. Find out about the food and healthcare services. And check on the size of the dorms and how many students sleep in each room.\ The students in boarding school don’t spend much time on（）
Silas Minton’s funeral was a quiet (36) . It was (37) by the only (38) he had in the world, his niece and nephew, and by a few friends. The priest who (39) (40) a hundred miles into this wild part of the county was now getting (41) for the simple ceremony. Minton, (42) "Minty" as his friends (43) call him, (44) a hard life (45) for gold in a lonely part of Western Australia. He had always refused to work in a gold mine (46) he believed that he could do better (47) his own. Although he was not a boastful(夸口的)person, he had often declared that one day he (48) find a lump (块) of gold as big as his head and (49) he would retire and live in (50) for the rest of his life. But his dreams of great wealth (51) came true. For many years he had hardly earned enough money to keep himself (52) .Two men now gently lifted the rough wooden box that (53) Minty’s body, but they almost dropped it when they heard a loud cry from the grave-digger. His spade (铁锹)had struck something hard in the rocky soil and he was shouting excitedly. Then he held up a large stone. (54) it was covered (55) dirt, the stone shone curiously in the fierce sunlight: it was unmistakably a heavy piece of solid gold! 49().
Silas Minton’s funeral was a quiet (36) . It was (37) by the only (38) he had in the world, his niece and nephew, and by a few friends. The priest who (39) (40) a hundred miles into this wild part of the county was now getting (41) for the simple ceremony. Minton, (42) "Minty" as his friends (43) call him, (44) a hard life (45) for gold in a lonely part of Western Australia. He had always refused to work in a gold mine (46) he believed that he could do better (47) his own. Although he was not a boastful(夸口的)person, he had often declared that one day he (48) find a lump (块) of gold as big as his head and (49) he would retire and live in (50) for the rest of his life. But his dreams of great wealth (51) came true. For many years he had hardly earned enough money to keep himself (52) .Two men now gently lifted the rough wooden box that (53) Minty’s body, but they almost dropped it when they heard a loud cry from the grave-digger. His spade (铁锹)had struck something hard in the rocky soil and he was shouting excitedly. Then he held up a large stone. (54) it was covered (55) dirt, the stone shone curiously in the fierce sunlight: it was unmistakably a heavy piece of solid gold! 50().
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